TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetics of β-amyloid precursor protein in alzheimer’s disease
AU - Julia, T. C.W.
AU - Goate, Alison M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; all rights reserved.
PY - 2017/6
Y1 - 2017/6
N2 - Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized neuropathologically by neuronal cell loss, extracellular neuritic plaques composed of β-amyloid (Aβ), and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Aβ is generated by proteolytic processing of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). Most individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have three copies of APP, leading to elevated APP expression, increased Aβ deposition, and characteristic AD neuropathology. Sequencing of APP in familial early-onset AD iden-tified missense mutations that cause AD, while a recently discovered coding variant, APP A673T, reduces the risk for AD. Cellular and animal studies show that risk-associated muta-tions increase total Aβ levels, Aβ42 levels, or Aβ fibrillogenesis, while protective alleles reduce Aβ levels. Together, these studies provide compelling evidence for the Aβ hypothesis and suggest that therapeutics that reduces Aβ levels or Aβ fibrillogenesis should lower the risk for or prevent AD.
AB - Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized neuropathologically by neuronal cell loss, extracellular neuritic plaques composed of β-amyloid (Aβ), and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Aβ is generated by proteolytic processing of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). Most individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have three copies of APP, leading to elevated APP expression, increased Aβ deposition, and characteristic AD neuropathology. Sequencing of APP in familial early-onset AD iden-tified missense mutations that cause AD, while a recently discovered coding variant, APP A673T, reduces the risk for AD. Cellular and animal studies show that risk-associated muta-tions increase total Aβ levels, Aβ42 levels, or Aβ fibrillogenesis, while protective alleles reduce Aβ levels. Together, these studies provide compelling evidence for the Aβ hypothesis and suggest that therapeutics that reduces Aβ levels or Aβ fibrillogenesis should lower the risk for or prevent AD.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85020164034&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1101/cshperspect.a024539
DO - 10.1101/cshperspect.a024539
M3 - Article
C2 - 28003277
AN - SCOPUS:85082376717
SN - 2157-1422
VL - 7
JO - Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
JF - Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
IS - 6
M1 - a024539
ER -