Generalized torsion dystonia

When dystonia involves the trunk and at least two other body areas, it is classified as generalized. The subgroup of these cases that have leg involvement as one of the sites were classically considered as generalized. This chapter discusses generalized dystonia overall, briefly describes phenomenology of dystonia overall, some of etiologies and differential diagnosis in generalized dystonia, including dopa-responsive-dystonia, and then more specifically focuses on autosomal dominant forms of isolated generalized dystonia attributable to mutations in DYT1, DYT6, and DYT13 genes. Finally diagnostic work-up and treatment-some of which apply most etiologies of generalized dystonia, are presented.