TY - JOUR
T1 - Fullerene (C60) particle size implications in neurotoxicity following infusion into the hippocampi of Wistar rats
AU - Kraemer, Ândrea Barbosa
AU - Parfitt, Gustavo Morrone
AU - Acosta, Daiane da Silva
AU - Bruch, Gisele Eva
AU - Cordeiro, Marcos Freitas
AU - Marins, Luis Fernando
AU - Ventura-Lima, Juliane
AU - Monserrat, José Maria
AU - Barros, Daniela Martí
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017
PY - 2018/1/1
Y1 - 2018/1/1
N2 - The buckminsterfullerene (C60) is considered as a relevant candidate for drug and gene delivery to the brain, once it has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, the biological implications of this nanomaterial are not fully understood, and its safety for intracerebral delivery is still debatable. In this study, we investigated if C60 particle size could alter its biological effects. For this, two aqueous C60 suspensions were used with maximum particle size up to 200 nm and 450 nm. The suspensions were injected in the hippocampus, the main brain structure involved in memory processing and spatial localization. In order to assess spatial learning, male Wistar rats were tested in Morris water maze, and the hippocampal BDNF protein levels and gene expression were analyzed. Animals treated with C60 up to 450 nm demonstrated impaired spatial memory with a significant decrease in BDNF protein levels and gene expression. However, an enhanced antioxidant capacity was observed in both C60 treatments. A decrease in reactive oxygen species levels was observed in the treatments with suspensions containing particles measuring with up to 450 nm. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glutamate cysteine ligase, and glutathione levels showed no alterations among the different treatments. In conclusion, different particle sizes of the same nanomaterial can lead to different behavioral outcomes and biochemical parameters in brain tissue.
AB - The buckminsterfullerene (C60) is considered as a relevant candidate for drug and gene delivery to the brain, once it has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, the biological implications of this nanomaterial are not fully understood, and its safety for intracerebral delivery is still debatable. In this study, we investigated if C60 particle size could alter its biological effects. For this, two aqueous C60 suspensions were used with maximum particle size up to 200 nm and 450 nm. The suspensions were injected in the hippocampus, the main brain structure involved in memory processing and spatial localization. In order to assess spatial learning, male Wistar rats were tested in Morris water maze, and the hippocampal BDNF protein levels and gene expression were analyzed. Animals treated with C60 up to 450 nm demonstrated impaired spatial memory with a significant decrease in BDNF protein levels and gene expression. However, an enhanced antioxidant capacity was observed in both C60 treatments. A decrease in reactive oxygen species levels was observed in the treatments with suspensions containing particles measuring with up to 450 nm. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glutamate cysteine ligase, and glutathione levels showed no alterations among the different treatments. In conclusion, different particle sizes of the same nanomaterial can lead to different behavioral outcomes and biochemical parameters in brain tissue.
KW - Buckminsterfullerene
KW - Hippocampus
KW - Learning
KW - Memory
KW - Nanotechnology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85036594228&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.taap.2017.11.022
DO - 10.1016/j.taap.2017.11.022
M3 - Article
C2 - 29191454
AN - SCOPUS:85036594228
SN - 0041-008X
VL - 338
SP - 197
EP - 203
JO - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
ER -