TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring age and gender disparities in cardiometabolic phenotypes and lipidomic signatures among Chinese adults
T2 - a nationwide cohort study
AU - 4C Study Group
AU - Jia, Xiaojing
AU - Lin, Hong
AU - Zheng, Ruizhi
AU - Wang, Shuangyuan
AU - Ding, Yilan
AU - Hu, Chunyan
AU - Li, Mian
AU - Xu, Yu
AU - Xu, Min
AU - Wang, Guixia
AU - Chen, Lulu
AU - Zeng, Tianshu
AU - Hu, Ruying
AU - Ye, Zhen
AU - Shi, Lixin
AU - Su, Qing
AU - Chen, Yuhong
AU - Yu, Xuefeng
AU - Yan, Li
AU - Wang, Tiange
AU - Zhao, Zhiyun
AU - Qin, Guijun
AU - Wan, Qin
AU - Chen, Gang
AU - Dai, Meng
AU - Zhang, Di
AU - Qiu, Bihan
AU - Zhu, Xiaoyan
AU - Zheng, Jie
AU - Tang, Xulei
AU - Gao, Zhengnan
AU - Shen, Feixia
AU - Gu, Xuejiang
AU - Luo, Zuojie
AU - Qin, Yingfen
AU - Chen, Li
AU - Hou, Xinguo
AU - Huo, Yanan
AU - Li, Qiang
AU - Zhang, Yinfei
AU - Liu, Chao
AU - Wang, Youmin
AU - Wu, Shengli
AU - Yang, Tao
AU - Deng, Huacong
AU - Zhao, Jiajun
AU - Mu, Yiming
AU - Lai, Shenghan
AU - Li, Donghui
AU - Bloomgarden, Zachary T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Higher Education Press.
PY - 2024/10/1
Y1 - 2024/10/1
N2 - Understanding sex disparities in modifiable risk factors across the lifespan is essential for crafting individualized intervention strategies. We aim to investigate age-related sex disparity in cardiometabolic phenotypes in a large nationwide Chinese cohort. A total of 254,670 adults aged 40 years or older were selected from a population-based cohort in China. Substantial sex disparities in the prevalence of metabolic diseases were observed across different age strata, particularly for dyslipidemia and its components. Generalized additive models were employed to characterize phenotype features, elucidating how gender differences evolve with advancing age. Half of the 16 phenotypes consistently exhibited no sex differences, while four (high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting insulin) displayed significant sex differences across all age groups. Triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, non-HDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol demonstrated significant age-dependent sex disparities. Notably, premenopausal females exhibited significant age-related differences in lipid levels around the age of 40-50 years, contrasting with the relatively stable associations observed in males and postmenopausal females. Menopause played an important but not sole role in age-related sex differences in blood lipids. Sleep duration also had an age- and sex-dependent impact on lipids. Lipidomic analysis and K-means clustering further revealed that 58.6% of the 263 measured lipids varied with sex and age, with sphingomyelins, cholesteryl esters, and triacylglycerols being the most profoundly influenced lipid species by the combined effects of age, sex, and their interaction. These findings underscore the importance of age consideration when addressing gender disparities in metabolic diseases and advocate for personalized, age-specific prevention and management.
AB - Understanding sex disparities in modifiable risk factors across the lifespan is essential for crafting individualized intervention strategies. We aim to investigate age-related sex disparity in cardiometabolic phenotypes in a large nationwide Chinese cohort. A total of 254,670 adults aged 40 years or older were selected from a population-based cohort in China. Substantial sex disparities in the prevalence of metabolic diseases were observed across different age strata, particularly for dyslipidemia and its components. Generalized additive models were employed to characterize phenotype features, elucidating how gender differences evolve with advancing age. Half of the 16 phenotypes consistently exhibited no sex differences, while four (high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting insulin) displayed significant sex differences across all age groups. Triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, non-HDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol demonstrated significant age-dependent sex disparities. Notably, premenopausal females exhibited significant age-related differences in lipid levels around the age of 40-50 years, contrasting with the relatively stable associations observed in males and postmenopausal females. Menopause played an important but not sole role in age-related sex differences in blood lipids. Sleep duration also had an age- and sex-dependent impact on lipids. Lipidomic analysis and K-means clustering further revealed that 58.6% of the 263 measured lipids varied with sex and age, with sphingomyelins, cholesteryl esters, and triacylglycerols being the most profoundly influenced lipid species by the combined effects of age, sex, and their interaction. These findings underscore the importance of age consideration when addressing gender disparities in metabolic diseases and advocate for personalized, age-specific prevention and management.
KW - aging
KW - lipidomics
KW - metabolic diseases
KW - modifiable risk factors
KW - sex difference
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85204402994&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/lifemeta/loae032
DO - 10.1093/lifemeta/loae032
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85204402994
SN - 2097-2555
VL - 3
JO - Life Metabolism
JF - Life Metabolism
IS - 5
M1 - loae032
ER -