TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of the Effect of a Concurrent Chronic Total Occlusion on Long-Term Mortality and Left Ventricular Function in Patients After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
AU - Claessen, Bimmer E.P.M.
AU - van der Schaaf, René J.
AU - Verouden, Niels J.
AU - Stegenga, Nienke K.
AU - Engstrom, Annemarie E.
AU - Sjauw, Krischan D.
AU - Kikkert, Wouter J.
AU - Vis, Marije M.
AU - Baan, Jan
AU - Koch, Karel T.
AU - de Winter, Robbert J.
AU - Tijssen, Jan G.P.
AU - Piek, Jan J.
AU - Henriques, José P.S.
PY - 2009/11
Y1 - 2009/11
N2 - Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a concurrent chronic total occlusion (CTO) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on long-term mortality and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Background: The impact of a CTO in a non-infarct-related artery (IRA) on prognosis after STEMI is unknown. Methods: Between 1997 and 2005, we admitted 3,277 STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were categorized as single-vessel disease (SVD), multivessel disease (MVD) without CTO, and MVD with a CTO in a non-IRA. We performed a "landmark survival analysis" to 5 years follow-up with a landmark set at 30 days. Additionally, we analyzed the evolution of LVEF within 1 year. Results: Of the patients, 2,115 (65%) had SVD, 742 patients (23%) had MVD without CTO, and 420 patients (13%) had a concurrent CTO. Presence of a CTO was a strong and independent predictor for 30-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.6 to 4.7, p < 0.01), whereas MVD without CTO was a weak predictor (HR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.2, p = 0.01). In 30-day survivors, CTO remained a strong predictor (HR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.4 to 2.8, p < 0.01), and MVD lost its independent prognostic value (HR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.8 to 1.5, p = 0.45). Furthermore, CTO was associated with LVEF ≤40% immediately after STEMI (odds ratio: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3 to 2.8, p < 0.01) and a further decrease in LVEF within the first year (odds ratio: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.6 to 7.8, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The presence of a CTO and not MVD alone is associated with long-term mortality even when early deaths are excluded from analysis. The presence of a CTO is associated with reduced LVEF and further deterioration of LVEF.
AB - Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a concurrent chronic total occlusion (CTO) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on long-term mortality and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Background: The impact of a CTO in a non-infarct-related artery (IRA) on prognosis after STEMI is unknown. Methods: Between 1997 and 2005, we admitted 3,277 STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were categorized as single-vessel disease (SVD), multivessel disease (MVD) without CTO, and MVD with a CTO in a non-IRA. We performed a "landmark survival analysis" to 5 years follow-up with a landmark set at 30 days. Additionally, we analyzed the evolution of LVEF within 1 year. Results: Of the patients, 2,115 (65%) had SVD, 742 patients (23%) had MVD without CTO, and 420 patients (13%) had a concurrent CTO. Presence of a CTO was a strong and independent predictor for 30-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.6 to 4.7, p < 0.01), whereas MVD without CTO was a weak predictor (HR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.2, p = 0.01). In 30-day survivors, CTO remained a strong predictor (HR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.4 to 2.8, p < 0.01), and MVD lost its independent prognostic value (HR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.8 to 1.5, p = 0.45). Furthermore, CTO was associated with LVEF ≤40% immediately after STEMI (odds ratio: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3 to 2.8, p < 0.01) and a further decrease in LVEF within the first year (odds ratio: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.6 to 7.8, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The presence of a CTO and not MVD alone is associated with long-term mortality even when early deaths are excluded from analysis. The presence of a CTO is associated with reduced LVEF and further deterioration of LVEF.
KW - chronic total occlusion
KW - left ventricular function
KW - mortality
KW - myocardial infarction
KW - prognosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=70449501060&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcin.2009.08.024
DO - 10.1016/j.jcin.2009.08.024
M3 - Article
C2 - 19926056
AN - SCOPUS:70449501060
SN - 1936-8798
VL - 2
SP - 1128
EP - 1134
JO - JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
JF - JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
IS - 11
ER -