Estrategias quirúrgicas para fomentar una temprana recuperación de la continencia después de prostatectomía radical robótica

OBJECTIVES: Over 90% of all prostate cancer patients are diagnosed at a stage when the disease is organ-confined and potentially curable. Currently >60% of all prostate cancer surgeries in the United States are performed using the robotic approach. We review the current literature evaluating the technical advances to optimize continence recovery following robotic prostatectomy. METHODS: Recent studies suggest that the several technical nuances during robotic prostatectomy can result in earlier continence recovery in patients without compromising the oncologic outcome. The key is in delicate handling of tissues, reducing trauma, preserving support structures and restoring post-operative anatomy as close as possible to pre-operative anatomy. There should also be standardization in assessment of continence recovery. CONCLUSION: Much progress has been achieved in elucidating the anatomic, physiologic and neural basis of the male continence mechanism, resulting in novel adaptations of the conventional approach to radical prostatectomy with the aim of preserving continence and accelerating its return. Various principles for augmenting continence return have been proposed which have been evaluated in series of open, laparoscopic and robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Going forward, we foresee a paradigm shift from individual techniques toward a unified approach of interwoven principles aimed at preserving and augmenting the functional and innervative anatomy of the continence mechanism.