TY - JOUR
T1 - Erythroid enucleation
T2 - a gateway into a “bloody” world
AU - Menon, Vijay
AU - Ghaffari, Saghi
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the members of the Ghaffari laboratory for critical review of this article. Work in the Ghaffari laboratory is supported by R01CA205975, R01HL136255, and funds from NYSTEM IIRP C32602GG to SG.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 ISEH – Society for Hematology and Stem Cells
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Erythropoiesis is an intricate process starting in hematopoietic stem cells and leading to the daily production of 200 billion red blood cells (RBCs). Enucleation is a greatly complex and rate-limiting step during terminal maturation of mammalian RBC production involving expulsion of the nucleus from the orthochromatic erythroblasts, resulting in the formation of reticulocytes. The dynamic enucleation process involves many factors ranging from cytoskeletal proteins to transcription factors to microRNAs. Lack of optimum terminal erythroid maturation and enucleation has been an impediment to optimum RBC production ex vivo. Major efforts in the past two decades have exposed some of the mechanisms that govern the enucleation process. This review focuses in detail on mechanisms implicated in enucleation and discusses the future perspectives of this fascinating process.
AB - Erythropoiesis is an intricate process starting in hematopoietic stem cells and leading to the daily production of 200 billion red blood cells (RBCs). Enucleation is a greatly complex and rate-limiting step during terminal maturation of mammalian RBC production involving expulsion of the nucleus from the orthochromatic erythroblasts, resulting in the formation of reticulocytes. The dynamic enucleation process involves many factors ranging from cytoskeletal proteins to transcription factors to microRNAs. Lack of optimum terminal erythroid maturation and enucleation has been an impediment to optimum RBC production ex vivo. Major efforts in the past two decades have exposed some of the mechanisms that govern the enucleation process. This review focuses in detail on mechanisms implicated in enucleation and discusses the future perspectives of this fascinating process.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100664111&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.01.001
DO - 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.01.001
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33440185
AN - SCOPUS:85100664111
VL - 95
SP - 13
EP - 22
JO - Experimental Hematology
JF - Experimental Hematology
SN - 0301-472X
ER -