@article{316a013014c44f1ab5b780d8cf1c6d29,
title = "Ephrin-B2 and EphB1 mediate retinal axon divergence at the optic chiasm",
abstract = "In animals with binocular vision, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons either cross or avoid the midline at the optic chiasm. Here, we show that ephrin-Bs in the chiasm region direct the divergence of retinal axons through the selective repulsion of a subset of RGCs that express EphB1. Ephrin-B2 is expressed at the mouse chiasm midline as the ipsilateral projection is generated and is selectively inhibitory to axons from ventrotemporal (VT) retina, where ipsilaterally projecting RGCs reside. Moreover, blocking ephrin-B2 function in vitro rescues the inhibitory effect of chiasm cells and eliminates the ipsilateral projection in the semiintact mouse visual system. A receptor for ephrin-B2, EphB1, is found exclusively in regions of retina that give rise to the ipsilateral projection. EphB1 null mice exhibit a dramatically reduced ipsilateral projection, suggesting that this receptor contributes to the formation of the ipsilateral retinal projection, most likely through its repulsive interaction with ephrin-B2.",
author = "Williams, {Scott E.} and Fanny Mann and Lynda Erskine and Takeshi Sakurai and Shiniu Wei and Rossi, {Derrick J.} and Gale, {Nicholas W.} and Holt, {Christine E.} and Mason, {Carol A.} and Mark Henkemeyer",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Matthew Dalva and Michael Greenberg for generously supplying EphB2 antibodies; Steven and Lucia Brown for the Zic2 antibody; Chiara Manzini for generating the cerebellar cDNA used to clone the EphB1 riboprobe; Francisco Gomez-Scholl for providing HEK cells; Nat Heintz for the gift of the BLBP antibody; and Susan Morton and Tom Jessell for the gift of Islet-1/2 and RC2 antibodies. We also wish to thank Eloisa Herrera, Peter Scheiffele, Zaven Kaprielian, and members of the Mason, Holt, and Henkemeyer laboratories for helpful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. We are grateful to Zara Oakes and Tracey Bowdler for assistance with genotyping and to Mika Melikyan for maintenance of the mouse colony. This work was supported by NIH grants (C.A.M., R01 EY12736 and PO30532), a March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation grant (M.H., 1-FY00-751), a National Eye Institute training grant (S.E.W., T32 EY13933), and Human Frontier Science Program Long Term Fellowships (F.M. and L.E).",
year = "2003",
month = sep,
day = "11",
doi = "10.1016/j.neuron.2003.08.017",
language = "English",
volume = "39",
pages = "919--935",
journal = "Neuron",
issn = "0896-6273",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "6",
}