Emergence and evolution of the 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009 pandemic virus strains

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9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Influenza A viruses cause pandemic disease with some regularity. Here, we discuss the determinants of evolution, emergence, and extinction of human influenza viruses and outline the history and genetic origins of the 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009 pandemic strains.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationTextbook of Influenza
Publisherwiley
Pages218-228
Number of pages11
ISBN (Electronic)9781118636817
ISBN (Print)9780470670484; 9781118636831; 9781118636848; 9781118636824
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2013

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