Elevated immune response in the brain of autistic patients

Xiaohong Li; Abha Chauhan; Ashfaq M. Sheikh; Sangita Patil; Ved Chauhan; Xiu Min Li; Lina Ji; Ted Brown; Mazhar Malik

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.12.002

Elevated immune response in the brain of autistic patients

Xiaohong Li, Abha Chauhan, Ashfaq M. Sheikh, Sangita Patil, Ved Chauhan, Xiu Min Li, Lina Ji, Ted Brown, Mazhar Malik

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549 Scopus citations

Abstract

This study determined immune activities in the brain of ASD patients and matched normal subjects by examining cytokines in the brain tissue. Our results showed that proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and GM-CSF), Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) and chemokine (IL-8) were significantly increased in the brains of ASD patients compared with the controls. However the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) showed no significant difference. The Th1/Th2 ratio was also significantly increased in ASD patients. Conclusion: ASD patients displayed an increased innate and adaptive immune response through the Th1 pathway, suggesting that localized brain inflammation and autoimmune disorder may be involved in the pathogenesis of ASD.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	111-116
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Neuroimmunology
Volume	207
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.12.002
State	Published - 15 Feb 2009

Keywords

Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD)
Cytokines
Flow cytometry method
Immune response
Inflammation
Multiplexed bead analysis

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10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.12.002

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title = "Elevated immune response in the brain of autistic patients",

abstract = "This study determined immune activities in the brain of ASD patients and matched normal subjects by examining cytokines in the brain tissue. Our results showed that proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and GM-CSF), Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) and chemokine (IL-8) were significantly increased in the brains of ASD patients compared with the controls. However the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) showed no significant difference. The Th1/Th2 ratio was also significantly increased in ASD patients. Conclusion: ASD patients displayed an increased innate and adaptive immune response through the Th1 pathway, suggesting that localized brain inflammation and autoimmune disorder may be involved in the pathogenesis of ASD.",

keywords = "Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), Cytokines, Flow cytometry method, Immune response, Inflammation, Multiplexed bead analysis",

author = "Xiaohong Li and Abha Chauhan and Sheikh, {Ashfaq M.} and Sangita Patil and Ved Chauhan and Li, {Xiu Min} and Lina Ji and Ted Brown and Mazhar Malik",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the NYS office of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, and by grants to A. Chauhan (PI) from Autism Speaks, Autism Research Institute, Alexander and Bo MacInnis.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.12.002",

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AU - Li, Xiaohong

AU - Chauhan, Abha

AU - Sheikh, Ashfaq M.

AU - Patil, Sangita

AU - Chauhan, Ved

AU - Li, Xiu Min

AU - Ji, Lina

AU - Brown, Ted

AU - Malik, Mazhar

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the NYS office of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, and by grants to A. Chauhan (PI) from Autism Speaks, Autism Research Institute, Alexander and Bo MacInnis.

PY - 2009/2/15

Y1 - 2009/2/15

N2 - This study determined immune activities in the brain of ASD patients and matched normal subjects by examining cytokines in the brain tissue. Our results showed that proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and GM-CSF), Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) and chemokine (IL-8) were significantly increased in the brains of ASD patients compared with the controls. However the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) showed no significant difference. The Th1/Th2 ratio was also significantly increased in ASD patients. Conclusion: ASD patients displayed an increased innate and adaptive immune response through the Th1 pathway, suggesting that localized brain inflammation and autoimmune disorder may be involved in the pathogenesis of ASD.

AB - This study determined immune activities in the brain of ASD patients and matched normal subjects by examining cytokines in the brain tissue. Our results showed that proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and GM-CSF), Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) and chemokine (IL-8) were significantly increased in the brains of ASD patients compared with the controls. However the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) showed no significant difference. The Th1/Th2 ratio was also significantly increased in ASD patients. Conclusion: ASD patients displayed an increased innate and adaptive immune response through the Th1 pathway, suggesting that localized brain inflammation and autoimmune disorder may be involved in the pathogenesis of ASD.

KW - Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD)

KW - Cytokines

KW - Flow cytometry method

KW - Immune response

KW - Inflammation

KW - Multiplexed bead analysis

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SP - 111

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JO - Journal of Neuroimmunology

JF - Journal of Neuroimmunology

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Elevated immune response in the brain of autistic patients

Abstract

Keywords

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