Electrical Impedance Analysis for Lung Cancer: A Prospective, Multicenter, Blind Validation Study

Dawei Yang, Chuanjia Gu, Ye Gu, Xiaodong Zhang, Di Ge, Yong Zhang, Ningfang Wang, Xiaoxuan Zheng, Hao Wang, Li Yang, Saihua Chen, Pengfei Xie, Deng Chen, Jinming Yu, Jiayuan Sun, Chunxue Bai

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hypothesis: Patients with cancer have different impedances or conductances than patients with benign normal tissue; thus, we can apply electrical impedance analysis (EIA) to identify patients with cancer. Method: To evaluate EIA’s efficacy and safety profile in diagnosing pulmonary lesions, we conducted a prospective, multicenter study among patients with pulmonary lesions recruited from 4 clinical centers (Zhongshan Hospital Ethics Committee, Approval No. 2015-16R and 2017-035(3). They underwent EIA to obtain an Algorithm Composite Score or ‘Prolung Index,’ PI. The classification threshold of 29 was first tested in an analytical validation set of 144 patients and independently validated in a clinical validation set of 418 patients. The subject’s final diagnosis depended on histology and a 2-year follow-up. Results: In total, 418 patients completed the entire protocol for clinical validation, with 186 true positives, 145 true negatives, 52 false positives, and 35 false negatives. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic yield were 84% (95% CI 79.3%-89.0%), 74% (95% CI 67.4%-79.8%), and 79% (95%CI 75.3%-83.1%), respectively, and did not differ according to age, sex, smoking history, body mass index, or lesion types. The sensitivity of small lesions was comparable to that of large lesions (p = 0.13). Four hundred eighty-four patients who underwent the analysis received a safety evaluation. No adverse events were considered to be related to the test. Conclusion: Electrical impedance analysis is a safe and efficient tool for risk stratification of pulmonary lesions, especially for patients with a suspicious lung lesion.

Original languageEnglish
Article number900110
JournalFrontiers in Oncology
Volume12
DOIs
StatePublished - 20 Jul 2022
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • electrical impedance
  • lung cancer
  • prospective
  • pulmonary nodules

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