Dysphasias, Dyspraxias, and Dysexecutive Syndromes: The Non-Memory Cognitive Impairments

Cognitive deficits such as dysphasias, dyspraxias, agnosias, and dysexecutive syndromes are often protean, complexly-layered, and sometimes occult to the patient. They require thorough investigation in order to ascertain etiology and inform formulation of the integrated, comprehensive management that neurocognitive disorders require. Detailed history acquisition, physical examination, cognitive assessment, and neurodiagnostics are generally essential to determining underlying pathology. Even when having a non-reversible cause, substantive interventions are feasible, with potentially substantial impact on patient and family quality of life, especially when implemented as an integrated multidisciplinary management plan.