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Does Freund's adjuvant denature protein antigens? EPR studies of emulsified hemoglobin

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Abstract

Use of complete Freund's adjuvant for production of antibodies to study protein conformation is valid only if emulsification in adjuvant does not denature protein antigens. Using electron paramagnetic resonance to observe directly the protein in situ in the opaque emulsions, we demonstrate that hemoglobin is not denatured by emulsification or storage in adjuvant for 24 hr at 4°C, conditions comparable to the usual handling of antigens before immunization.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)270-272
Number of pages3
JournalJournal of Immunology
Volume116
Issue number2
StatePublished - 1976
Externally publishedYes

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