@article{4841bb9dddc4452c90eb1e0d4c48aae9,
title = "Distribution of carried pneumococcal clones in UK children following the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: A 3-year cross-sectional population based analysis",
abstract = "The success of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) in both colonisation and disease is associated with the increased prevalence of genetic clones expressing virulence factors that assist host invasion. We studied the distribution of pneumococcal clones in paediatric carriage as part of an ongoing longitudinal study of pneumococcal carriage in children less than 5 years of age. Across three years, 87 different sequence types (STs) were found amongst 310 pneumococci. A decline in PCV-7 related STs was observed during the study period. STs 62, 199, 433 and 1692 increased after the implementation of PCV-7 and were related to increases in serotypes 11A, 19A, 22F, and to serotype 6C, respectively. Overall, a strong correlation was observed between ST and serotype. Thirteen STs contained multiple serotypes and 74 STs were associated with only one serotype. On-going molecular epidemiological surveillance of pneumococcal carriage is warranted during the implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.",
keywords = "Carriage, PCV-7, Pediatric, Pneumococci, Sequence types, Serotype",
author = "Tocheva, {Anna S.} and Jefferies, {Johanna M.C.} and M. Christodoulides and Faust, {Saul N.} and Clarke, {Stuart C.}",
note = "Funding Information: Conflict of interest: SNF receives support from the National Institute for Health Research funding via the Southampton NIHR Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility and the Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit. JMJ has received consulting fees from GlaxoSmithKline. SNF acts as principal investigator for clinical trials conducted on behalf of University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust/University of Southampton that are sponsored by vaccine manufacturers but receives no personal payments from them. SNF has participated in advisory boards for vaccine manufacturers but receives no personal payments for this work. SCC currently receives unrestricted research funding from Pfizer Vaccines (previously Wyeth Vaccines) and has participated in advisory boards and expert panels for GSK, Pfizer and Novartis. SCC is an investigator on studies conducted on behalf of University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust / University of Southampton / HPA that are sponsored by vaccine manufacturers but receives no personal payments from them. SNF, SCC and JMJ have received financial assistance from vaccine manufacturers to attend conferences. All grants and honoraria are paid into accounts within the respective NHS Trusts or Universities, or to independent charities. ",
year = "2013",
month = jun,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.075",
language = "English",
volume = "31",
pages = "3187--3190",
journal = "Vaccine",
issn = "0264-410X",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
number = "31",
}