Disease- and Therapy-Specific impact on Humoral immune Responses to cOViD-19 Vaccination in Hematologic Malignancies

David J. Chung, Gunjan L. Shah, Sean M. Devlin, Lakshmi V. Ramanathan, Sital Doddi, Melissa S. Pessin, Elizabeth Hoover, Lee Ann T. Marcello, Jennifer C. Young, Sawsan R. Boutemine, Edith Serrano, Saumya Sharan, Saddia Momotaj, Lauren Margetich, Christina D. Bravo, Genovefa A. Papanicolaou, Mini Kamboj, Anthony R. Mato, Lindsey E. Roeker, Malin HultcrantzSham Mailankody, Alexander M. Lesokhin, Santosha A. Vardhana, David A. Knorr

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

51 Scopus citations

Abstract

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine response data for patients with hematologic malignancy, who carry high risk for severe COVID-19 illness, are incomplete. In a study of 551 hematologic malignancy patients with leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers and neutralizing activity were measured at 1 and 3 months from initial vaccination. Compared with healthy controls, patients with hematologic malignancy had attenuated antibody titers at 1 and 3 months. Furthermore, patients with hematologic malignancy had markedly diminished neutralizing capacity of 26.3% at 1 month and 43.6% at 3 months, despite positive seroconversion rates of 51.5% and 68.9% at the respective time points. Healthy controls had 93.2% and 100% neutralizing capacity at 1 and 3 months, respectively. Patients with leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma on observation had uniformly blunted responses. Treatment with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors, venetoclax, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors, anti-CD19/CD20–directed therapies, and anti-CD38/B-cell maturation antigen–directed therapies substantially hindered responses, but single-agent immunomodulatory agents did not.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)568-576
Number of pages9
JournalBlood cancer discovery
Volume2
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Nov 2021
Externally publishedYes

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