Dietary Ruminant and Industrial Trans-Fatty Acids Intake and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Giulia Collatuzzo, Hamideh Rashidian, Maryam Hadji, Mahin Gholipour, Elham Mohebbi, Farin Kamangar, Eero Pukkala, Inge Huybrechts, Marc J. Gunter, Veronique Chajes, Paolo Boffetta, Kazem Zendehdel

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

As colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely due to modifiable lifestyle habits, the awareness on its risk factors is highly important. Dietary fatty acids have been linked to CRC risk. We explored the association between dietary trans fatty acids (TFAs) intake and CRC risk. We analyzed 865 CRC cases (434 in colon and 404 in rectum) and 3206 controls of the IROPICAN study, with data collected by trained interviewers using validated questionnaires. TFAs intake (industrial and ruminant types) was categorized into quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression models were built to calculate the odds ratios (OR) for the association between CRC and TFAs. We observed a positive association between industrial TFAs and colon cancer (OR for highest vs lowest quartile [ORQ4vsQ1] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.07–1.54). A higher association was observed between industrial TFAs and CRC, occurring after 50 years of age. In addition, elaidic acid was associated with an increased risk of colon (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.58, 1.24–2.02) and specifically of proximal colon cancer (OR Q4vsQ1 = 2.12, 1.40–3.20), as well as of rectum cancer (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.40, 1.07–1.83). An inverse association was observed between ruminant TFAs intake and colon cancer risk (ORQ4vsQ1 = 0.80, 0.67–0.97). Industrial TFAs, such as semisolid/solid hydrogenated oils, may increase the risk of CRC, especially colon and proximal colon cancer. In contrast, ruminant TFAs do not appear to be associated with CRC. Awareness programs and regulatory actions regarding hydrogenated oils are warranted, given their high consumption through ultra-processed foods in more developed and less developed countries.

Original languageEnglish
Article number4912
JournalNutrients
Volume14
Issue number22
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2022
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • animal products
  • colorectal cancer
  • conjugated linoleic acid
  • diet
  • elaidic acid
  • industrial fat
  • trans fatty acid

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