TY - JOUR
T1 - Dietary patterns and risk of bladder cancer
T2 - A factor analysis in Uruguay
AU - De Stefani, Eduardo
AU - Boffetta, Paolo
AU - Ronco, Alvaro L.
AU - Deneo-Pellegrini, Hugo
AU - Acosta, Giselle
AU - Mendilaharsu, María
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This work is supported by a grant from International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of International Agency for Research on Cancer.
PY - 2008/12
Y1 - 2008/12
N2 - Objective: To determine the major dietary patterns associated with bladder cancer risk, we conducted a principal components analysis (PCA) in a case-control study from Uruguay. Methods: A total of 255 newly diagnosed and microscopically confirmed cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and 501 hospitalized controls were included in the study. Both series were drawn from the four major public hospitals in Montevideo, Uruguay. Cases and controls were frequency matched on age and sex. Controls were submitted to factor (principal components) analysis. Results: We retained three factors that explained 25.1% of the total variance (including error variance). The first factor was labeled as the sweet beverages pattern. This factor was characterized by high loadings of coffee, tea, and added sugar and was strongly associated with risk of bladder cancer (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.96-5.45). The second factor was labeled as the Western pattern and displayed high loadings of red meat, fried eggs, potatoes, and red wine. This pattern was directly associated with risk of bladder cancer (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.42-3.89). Finally, the third factor was labeled as the prudent pattern and showed high loadings of fresh vegetables, cooked vegetables, and fruits. This pattern was not associated with risk of bladder cancer. Conclusions: According to our study, non-alcoholic beverages were the strongest risk factor for bladder cancer, whereas the Western pattern was also associated with a significant increase in risk of bladder cancer.
AB - Objective: To determine the major dietary patterns associated with bladder cancer risk, we conducted a principal components analysis (PCA) in a case-control study from Uruguay. Methods: A total of 255 newly diagnosed and microscopically confirmed cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and 501 hospitalized controls were included in the study. Both series were drawn from the four major public hospitals in Montevideo, Uruguay. Cases and controls were frequency matched on age and sex. Controls were submitted to factor (principal components) analysis. Results: We retained three factors that explained 25.1% of the total variance (including error variance). The first factor was labeled as the sweet beverages pattern. This factor was characterized by high loadings of coffee, tea, and added sugar and was strongly associated with risk of bladder cancer (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.96-5.45). The second factor was labeled as the Western pattern and displayed high loadings of red meat, fried eggs, potatoes, and red wine. This pattern was directly associated with risk of bladder cancer (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.42-3.89). Finally, the third factor was labeled as the prudent pattern and showed high loadings of fresh vegetables, cooked vegetables, and fruits. This pattern was not associated with risk of bladder cancer. Conclusions: According to our study, non-alcoholic beverages were the strongest risk factor for bladder cancer, whereas the Western pattern was also associated with a significant increase in risk of bladder cancer.
KW - Bladder cancer
KW - Dietary patterns
KW - Factor analysis
KW - Principal components
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=55849138761&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10552-008-9195-9
DO - 10.1007/s10552-008-9195-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 18592382
AN - SCOPUS:55849138761
SN - 0957-5243
VL - 19
SP - 1243
EP - 1249
JO - Cancer Causes and Control
JF - Cancer Causes and Control
IS - 10
ER -