TY - JOUR
T1 - Diagnostics and omics technologies for the detection and prediction of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-related malignancies
AU - Lan, Tian
AU - Tacke, Frank
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
PY - 2024/12
Y1 - 2024/12
N2 - The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) continues to rise, making it the leading etiology of chronic liver diseases and a prime cause of liver-related mortality. MASLD can progress into steatohepatitis (termed MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately cancer. MASLD is associated with increased risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and also extrahepatic malignancies, which can develop in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, emphasizing the importance of identifying patients with MASLD at risk of developing MASLD-associated malignancies. However, the optimal screening, diagnostic, and risk stratification strategies for patients with MASLD at risk of cancer are still under debate. Individuals with MASH-associated cirrhosis are recommended to undergo surveillance for HCC (e.g. by ultrasound and biomarkers) every six months. No specific screening approaches for MASLD-related malignancies in non-cirrhotic cases are established to date. The rapidly developing omics technologies, including genetics, metabolomics, and proteomics, show great potential for discovering non-invasive markers to fulfill this unmet need. This review provides an overview on the incidence and mortality of MASLD-associated malignancies, current strategies for HCC screening, surveillance and diagnosis in patients with MASLD, and the evolving role of omics technologies in the discovery of non-invasive markers for the prediction and risk stratification of MASLD-associated HCC.
AB - The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) continues to rise, making it the leading etiology of chronic liver diseases and a prime cause of liver-related mortality. MASLD can progress into steatohepatitis (termed MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately cancer. MASLD is associated with increased risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and also extrahepatic malignancies, which can develop in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, emphasizing the importance of identifying patients with MASLD at risk of developing MASLD-associated malignancies. However, the optimal screening, diagnostic, and risk stratification strategies for patients with MASLD at risk of cancer are still under debate. Individuals with MASH-associated cirrhosis are recommended to undergo surveillance for HCC (e.g. by ultrasound and biomarkers) every six months. No specific screening approaches for MASLD-related malignancies in non-cirrhotic cases are established to date. The rapidly developing omics technologies, including genetics, metabolomics, and proteomics, show great potential for discovering non-invasive markers to fulfill this unmet need. This review provides an overview on the incidence and mortality of MASLD-associated malignancies, current strategies for HCC screening, surveillance and diagnosis in patients with MASLD, and the evolving role of omics technologies in the discovery of non-invasive markers for the prediction and risk stratification of MASLD-associated HCC.
KW - Extrahepatic malignancies
KW - Hepatocellular carcinoma
KW - MASH
KW - MASLD
KW - NAFLD
KW - NASH
KW - Non-invasive biomarkers
KW - Omics technologies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85202870304&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.156015
DO - 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.156015
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85202870304
SN - 0026-0495
VL - 161
JO - Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
JF - Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
M1 - 156015
ER -