TY - JOUR
T1 - Development and Validation of a Clinical Frailty Index for the World Trade Center General Responder Cohort
AU - Bello, Ghalib A.
AU - Ornstein, Katherine A.
AU - Lucchini, Roberto G.
AU - Hung, William W.
AU - Ko, Fred C.
AU - Colicino, Elena
AU - Taioli, Emanuela
AU - Crane, Michael A.
AU - Todd, Andrew C.
N1 - Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (CDC/NIOSH) (Contracts and Grants 200-2002-00384, U10-OH008216/23/25/32/39/75, 200-2011-39356/61/77/84/85/88, and U01-OH012068-01). Data were obtained from the WTC Health Program General Responder Data Center at Mount Sinai (CDC/NIOSH contract 200-2017-93325) which also supported the work. The authors are grateful to the responders, all past and present staff of the Programs, the work force, community and volunteer organization program stakeholders, and the philanthropic sources that funded treatment from 2003 to 2006.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2021.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - Objectives: To develop and validate a clinical frailty index to characterize aging among responders to the 9/11 World Trade Center (WTC) attacks. Methods: This study was conducted on health monitoring data on a sample of 6197 responders. A clinical frailty index, WTC FI-Clinical, was developed according to the cumulative deficit model of frailty. The validity of the resulting index was assessed using all-cause mortality as an endpoint. Its association with various cohort characteristics was evaluated. Results: The sample’s median age was 51 years. Thirty items were selected for inclusion in the index. It showed a strong correlation with age, as well as significant adjusted associations with mortality, 9/11 exposure severity, sex, race, pre-9/11 occupation, education, and smoking status. Discussion: The WTC FI-Clinical highlights effects of certain risk factors on aging within the 9/11 responder cohort. It will serve as a useful instrument for monitoring and tracking frailty within this cohort.
AB - Objectives: To develop and validate a clinical frailty index to characterize aging among responders to the 9/11 World Trade Center (WTC) attacks. Methods: This study was conducted on health monitoring data on a sample of 6197 responders. A clinical frailty index, WTC FI-Clinical, was developed according to the cumulative deficit model of frailty. The validity of the resulting index was assessed using all-cause mortality as an endpoint. Its association with various cohort characteristics was evaluated. Results: The sample’s median age was 51 years. Thirty items were selected for inclusion in the index. It showed a strong correlation with age, as well as significant adjusted associations with mortality, 9/11 exposure severity, sex, race, pre-9/11 occupation, education, and smoking status. Discussion: The WTC FI-Clinical highlights effects of certain risk factors on aging within the 9/11 responder cohort. It will serve as a useful instrument for monitoring and tracking frailty within this cohort.
KW - 9/11 responders
KW - World Trade Center cohort
KW - frailty index
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102452332&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/0898264321997675
DO - 10.1177/0898264321997675
M3 - Article
C2 - 33706594
AN - SCOPUS:85102452332
SN - 0898-2643
VL - 33
SP - 531
EP - 544
JO - Journal of Aging and Health
JF - Journal of Aging and Health
IS - 7-8
ER -