TY - JOUR
T1 - Combinations of techniques in imaging the retina with high resolution
AU - Podoleanu, Adrian Gh
AU - Rosen, Richard B.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge all those who kindly accepted to have their published figures included in this review, as indicated in the corresponding figure caption. A. Podoleanu acknowledges support from Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council of the UK, European Commission, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Ophthalmic Technology Inc., Toronto, Canada. R. Rosen acknowledges support from Ophthalmic Technology Inc., Toronto, Canada, the Bendheim-Lowenstein Family Foundation, the Leon Lane Foundation and the Ophthalmology Chairman's Research Fund of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. The authors also thank Patricia Garcia from New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Ejaz Ansari, from Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust and Jim Brown in the School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent for valuable comments.
PY - 2008/7
Y1 - 2008/7
N2 - Developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) have expanded its clinical applications for high-resolution imaging of the retina, as a standalone diagnostic and in combination with other optical imaging modalities. This review presents currently explored combinations of OCT technology with a variety of complementary imaging modalities along with augmentational technologies such as adaptive optics (AO) and tracking. Some emphasis is on the combination of OCT technology with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) as well as on using OCT to produce an SLO-like image. Different OCT modalities such as time domain and spectral domain are discussed in terms of their performance and suitability for imaging the retina. Each modality admits several implementations, such as flying spot or using an area or line illumination. Flying spot has taken two principle forms, en-face and longitudinal OCT. The review presents the advantages and disadvantages of different possible combinations of OCT and SLO with AO, evaluating criteria in choosing the best OCT method to fit a specific combination of techniques. Some of these combinations of techniques evolved from bench systems into the clinic, their merit can be judged on images showing different pathologies of the retina. Other potential combinations of techniques are still in their infancy, in which case the discussion will be limited to their technical principles. The potential of any combined implementation to provide clinical relevant data is described by three parameters, which take into account the number of voxels acquired in unit time, the minimum time required to produce or infer an en-face OCT image (or an SLO-like image) and the number of different types of information provided. The current clinically used technologies as well as those under research are comparatively evaluated based on these three parameters. As the technology has matured over the years, their evolution is discussed as well with their potential for further improvements.
AB - Developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) have expanded its clinical applications for high-resolution imaging of the retina, as a standalone diagnostic and in combination with other optical imaging modalities. This review presents currently explored combinations of OCT technology with a variety of complementary imaging modalities along with augmentational technologies such as adaptive optics (AO) and tracking. Some emphasis is on the combination of OCT technology with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) as well as on using OCT to produce an SLO-like image. Different OCT modalities such as time domain and spectral domain are discussed in terms of their performance and suitability for imaging the retina. Each modality admits several implementations, such as flying spot or using an area or line illumination. Flying spot has taken two principle forms, en-face and longitudinal OCT. The review presents the advantages and disadvantages of different possible combinations of OCT and SLO with AO, evaluating criteria in choosing the best OCT method to fit a specific combination of techniques. Some of these combinations of techniques evolved from bench systems into the clinic, their merit can be judged on images showing different pathologies of the retina. Other potential combinations of techniques are still in their infancy, in which case the discussion will be limited to their technical principles. The potential of any combined implementation to provide clinical relevant data is described by three parameters, which take into account the number of voxels acquired in unit time, the minimum time required to produce or infer an en-face OCT image (or an SLO-like image) and the number of different types of information provided. The current clinically used technologies as well as those under research are comparatively evaluated based on these three parameters. As the technology has matured over the years, their evolution is discussed as well with their potential for further improvements.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=48449092585&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2008.03.002
DO - 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2008.03.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 18495519
AN - SCOPUS:48449092585
SN - 1350-9462
VL - 27
SP - 464
EP - 499
JO - Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
JF - Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
IS - 4
ER -