Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging

Somaiyeh Azmoun; Yenny Fariñas Diaz; Cheuk Y. Tang; Megan Horton; Sean A.P. Clouston; Ben J. Luft; Evelyn J. Bromet; Sam Gandy; Donatella Placidi; Claudia Ambrosi; Lorella Mascaro; Carlo Rodella; Barbara Paghera; Roberto Gasparotti; Jeremy W. Chambers; Kim Tieu; Daniele Corbo; Roberto G. Lucchini

doi:10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002

Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging

Somaiyeh Azmoun, Yenny Fariñas Diaz, Cheuk Y. Tang, Megan Horton, Sean A.P. Clouston, Ben J. Luft, Evelyn J. Bromet, Sam Gandy, Donatella Placidi, Claudia Ambrosi, Lorella Mascaro, Carlo Rodella, Barbara Paghera, Roberto Gasparotti, Jeremy W. Chambers, Kim Tieu, Daniele Corbo, Roberto G. Lucchini

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Brain imaging can reveal specific characteristics of Cognitive Impairment (CI) related to neurotoxicant exposure. Unique brain characteristic patterns of CI have been revealed among World Trade Center (WTC) responders to the 9/11 terrorist attack, compared to other signatures, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Diffuse brain atrophy, reduced cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volume analyses suggest that reductions in specific subregions are specifically associated with the duration of WTC exposure. These findings support the hypothesis that WTC exposure to neurotoxicants and intense psychological trauma are causing long-term neurodegenerative impacts. The neuro-phenotype of this impairment is distinct from the AD and inconsistent with signatures developed for other known neurodegenerative diseases. The World Trade Center Cognitive Impairment (WTC-CI) may be a WTC-specific encephalopathy with an unknown etiology characterized by widespread cortical atrophy. Applying similar brain imaging modalities, a diffuse brain deposition of fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide was observed among ferroalloy workers with prolonged occupational exposure to manganese. These two case studies provide further evidence of how modern brain imaging can improve understanding of relevant mechanisms of neurotoxicity after long term exposure to neurotoxicants.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Occupational Neurotoxicology
Editors	Roberto G. Lucchini, Roberto G. Lucchini, Michael Aschner, Lucio G. Costa, Lucio G. Costa
Publisher	Elsevier Inc.
Pages	29-45
Number of pages	17
ISBN (Print)	9780128191767
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002
State	Published - Jan 2022

Publication series

Name	Advances in Neurotoxicology
Volume	7
ISSN (Electronic)	2468-7480

Keywords

Brain imaging
Cognitive impact
MRI
Neurotoxicity
PET

Access to Document

10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002

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Azmoun, S., Diaz, Y. F., Tang, C. Y., Horton, M., Clouston, S. A. P., Luft, B. J., Bromet, E. J., Gandy, S., Placidi, D., Ambrosi, C., Mascaro, L., Rodella, C., Paghera, B., Gasparotti, R., Chambers, J. W., Tieu, K., Corbo, D., & Lucchini, R. G. (2022). Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging. In R. G. Lucchini, R. G. Lucchini, M. Aschner, L. G. Costa, & L. G. Costa (Eds.), Occupational Neurotoxicology (pp. 29-45). (Advances in Neurotoxicology; Vol. 7). Elsevier Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002

@inbook{ca358e3128314ba5a5b29b93efecf71e,

title = "Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging",

abstract = "Brain imaging can reveal specific characteristics of Cognitive Impairment (CI) related to neurotoxicant exposure. Unique brain characteristic patterns of CI have been revealed among World Trade Center (WTC) responders to the 9/11 terrorist attack, compared to other signatures, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Diffuse brain atrophy, reduced cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volume analyses suggest that reductions in specific subregions are specifically associated with the duration of WTC exposure. These findings support the hypothesis that WTC exposure to neurotoxicants and intense psychological trauma are causing long-term neurodegenerative impacts. The neuro-phenotype of this impairment is distinct from the AD and inconsistent with signatures developed for other known neurodegenerative diseases. The World Trade Center Cognitive Impairment (WTC-CI) may be a WTC-specific encephalopathy with an unknown etiology characterized by widespread cortical atrophy. Applying similar brain imaging modalities, a diffuse brain deposition of fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide was observed among ferroalloy workers with prolonged occupational exposure to manganese. These two case studies provide further evidence of how modern brain imaging can improve understanding of relevant mechanisms of neurotoxicity after long term exposure to neurotoxicants.",

keywords = "Brain imaging, Cognitive impact, MRI, Neurotoxicity, PET",

author = "Somaiyeh Azmoun and Diaz, {Yenny Fari{\~n}as} and Tang, {Cheuk Y.} and Megan Horton and Clouston, {Sean A.P.} and Luft, {Ben J.} and Bromet, {Evelyn J.} and Sam Gandy and Donatella Placidi and Claudia Ambrosi and Lorella Mascaro and Carlo Rodella and Barbara Paghera and Roberto Gasparotti and Chambers, {Jeremy W.} and Kim Tieu and Daniele Corbo and Lucchini, {Roberto G.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2022",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002",

language = "English",

isbn = "9780128191767",

series = "Advances in Neurotoxicology",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

pages = "29--45",

editor = "Lucchini, {Roberto G.} and Lucchini, {Roberto G.} and Michael Aschner and Costa, {Lucio G.} and Costa, {Lucio G.}",

booktitle = "Occupational Neurotoxicology",

address = "United States",

}

Azmoun, S, Diaz, YF, Tang, CY, Horton, M, Clouston, SAP, Luft, BJ, Bromet, EJ, Gandy, S, Placidi, D, Ambrosi, C, Mascaro, L, Rodella, C, Paghera, B, Gasparotti, R, Chambers, JW, Tieu, K, Corbo, D & Lucchini, RG 2022, Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging. in RG Lucchini, RG Lucchini, M Aschner, LG Costa & LG Costa (eds), Occupational Neurotoxicology. Advances in Neurotoxicology, vol. 7, Elsevier Inc., pp. 29-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002

Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging. / Azmoun, Somaiyeh; Diaz, Yenny Fariñas; Tang, Cheuk Y. et al.
Occupational Neurotoxicology. ed. / Roberto G. Lucchini; Roberto G. Lucchini; Michael Aschner; Lucio G. Costa; Lucio G. Costa. Elsevier Inc., 2022. p. 29-45 (Advances in Neurotoxicology; Vol. 7).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

TY - CHAP

T1 - Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging

AU - Azmoun, Somaiyeh

AU - Diaz, Yenny Fariñas

AU - Tang, Cheuk Y.

AU - Horton, Megan

AU - Clouston, Sean A.P.

AU - Luft, Ben J.

AU - Bromet, Evelyn J.

AU - Gandy, Sam

AU - Placidi, Donatella

AU - Ambrosi, Claudia

AU - Mascaro, Lorella

AU - Rodella, Carlo

AU - Paghera, Barbara

AU - Gasparotti, Roberto

AU - Chambers, Jeremy W.

AU - Tieu, Kim

AU - Corbo, Daniele

AU - Lucchini, Roberto G.

PY - 2022/1

Y1 - 2022/1

N2 - Brain imaging can reveal specific characteristics of Cognitive Impairment (CI) related to neurotoxicant exposure. Unique brain characteristic patterns of CI have been revealed among World Trade Center (WTC) responders to the 9/11 terrorist attack, compared to other signatures, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Diffuse brain atrophy, reduced cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volume analyses suggest that reductions in specific subregions are specifically associated with the duration of WTC exposure. These findings support the hypothesis that WTC exposure to neurotoxicants and intense psychological trauma are causing long-term neurodegenerative impacts. The neuro-phenotype of this impairment is distinct from the AD and inconsistent with signatures developed for other known neurodegenerative diseases. The World Trade Center Cognitive Impairment (WTC-CI) may be a WTC-specific encephalopathy with an unknown etiology characterized by widespread cortical atrophy. Applying similar brain imaging modalities, a diffuse brain deposition of fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide was observed among ferroalloy workers with prolonged occupational exposure to manganese. These two case studies provide further evidence of how modern brain imaging can improve understanding of relevant mechanisms of neurotoxicity after long term exposure to neurotoxicants.

AB - Brain imaging can reveal specific characteristics of Cognitive Impairment (CI) related to neurotoxicant exposure. Unique brain characteristic patterns of CI have been revealed among World Trade Center (WTC) responders to the 9/11 terrorist attack, compared to other signatures, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Diffuse brain atrophy, reduced cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volume analyses suggest that reductions in specific subregions are specifically associated with the duration of WTC exposure. These findings support the hypothesis that WTC exposure to neurotoxicants and intense psychological trauma are causing long-term neurodegenerative impacts. The neuro-phenotype of this impairment is distinct from the AD and inconsistent with signatures developed for other known neurodegenerative diseases. The World Trade Center Cognitive Impairment (WTC-CI) may be a WTC-specific encephalopathy with an unknown etiology characterized by widespread cortical atrophy. Applying similar brain imaging modalities, a diffuse brain deposition of fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide was observed among ferroalloy workers with prolonged occupational exposure to manganese. These two case studies provide further evidence of how modern brain imaging can improve understanding of relevant mechanisms of neurotoxicity after long term exposure to neurotoxicants.

KW - Brain imaging

KW - Cognitive impact

KW - MRI

KW - Neurotoxicity

KW - PET

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133691552&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002

DO - 10.1016/bs.ant.2022.05.002

M3 - Chapter

AN - SCOPUS:85133691552

SN - 9780128191767

T3 - Advances in Neurotoxicology

SP - 29

EP - 45

BT - Occupational Neurotoxicology

A2 - Lucchini, Roberto G.

A2 - Aschner, Michael

A2 - Costa, Lucio G.

PB - Elsevier Inc.

ER -

Cognitive impact of exposure to airborne particles captured by brain imaging

Abstract

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Keywords

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