TY - JOUR
T1 - Childhood Predictors of Adult Functional Outcomes in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA)
AU - for the
AU - MTA Cooperative Group
AU - MTA Cooperative Group
AU - Roy, Arunima
AU - Hechtman, Lily
AU - Arnold, L. Eugene
AU - Swanson, James M.
AU - Molina, Brooke S.G.
AU - Sibley, Margaret H.
AU - Howard, Andrea L.
AU - Vitiello, Benedetto
AU - Severe, Joanne B.
AU - Jensen, Peter S.
AU - Arnold, L. Eugene
AU - Hoagwood, Kimberly
AU - Richters, John
AU - Vereen, Donald
AU - Hinshaw, Stephen P.
AU - Elliott, Glen R.
AU - Wells, Karen C.
AU - Epstein, Jeffery N.
AU - Murray, Desiree W.
AU - Conners, C. Keith
AU - March, John
AU - Swanson, James
AU - Wigal, Timothy
AU - Cantwell, Dennis P.
AU - Abikoff, Howard B.
AU - Hechtman, Lily
AU - Greenhill, Laurence L.
AU - Newcorn, Jeffrey H.
AU - Molina, Brooke
AU - Hoza, Betsy
AU - Pelham, William E.
AU - Gibbons, Robert D.
AU - Marcus, Sue
AU - Hur, Kwan
AU - Kraemer, Helena C.
AU - Hanley, Thomas
AU - Stern, Karen
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
PY - 2017/8
Y1 - 2017/8
N2 - Objective Recent results from the Multimodal Treatment Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; MTA) have demonstrated impairments in several functioning domains in adults with childhood ADHD. The childhood predictors of these adult functional outcomes are not adequately understood. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of childhood demographic, clinical, and family factors on adult functional outcomes in individuals with and without childhood ADHD from the MTA cohort. Method Regressions were used to determine associations of childhood factors (age range 7–10 years) of family income, IQ, comorbidity (internalizing, externalizing, and total number of non-ADHD diagnoses), parenting styles, parental education, number of household members, parental marital problems, parent–child relationships, and ADHD symptom severity with adult outcomes (mean age 25 years) of occupational functioning, educational attainment, emotional functioning, sexual behavior, and justice involvement in participants with (n = 579) and without (n = 258) ADHD. Results Predictors of adult functional outcomes in ADHD included clinical factors such as baseline ADHD severity, IQ, and comorbidity; demographic factors such as family income, number of household members and parental education; and family factors such as parental monitoring and parental marital problems. Predictors of adult outcomes were generally comparable for children with and without ADHD. Conclusion Childhood ADHD symptoms, IQ, and household income levels are important predictors of adult functional outcomes. Management of these areas early on, through timely treatments for ADHD symptoms, and providing additional support to children with lower IQ and from households with low incomes, could assist in improving adult functioning.
AB - Objective Recent results from the Multimodal Treatment Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; MTA) have demonstrated impairments in several functioning domains in adults with childhood ADHD. The childhood predictors of these adult functional outcomes are not adequately understood. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of childhood demographic, clinical, and family factors on adult functional outcomes in individuals with and without childhood ADHD from the MTA cohort. Method Regressions were used to determine associations of childhood factors (age range 7–10 years) of family income, IQ, comorbidity (internalizing, externalizing, and total number of non-ADHD diagnoses), parenting styles, parental education, number of household members, parental marital problems, parent–child relationships, and ADHD symptom severity with adult outcomes (mean age 25 years) of occupational functioning, educational attainment, emotional functioning, sexual behavior, and justice involvement in participants with (n = 579) and without (n = 258) ADHD. Results Predictors of adult functional outcomes in ADHD included clinical factors such as baseline ADHD severity, IQ, and comorbidity; demographic factors such as family income, number of household members and parental education; and family factors such as parental monitoring and parental marital problems. Predictors of adult outcomes were generally comparable for children with and without ADHD. Conclusion Childhood ADHD symptoms, IQ, and household income levels are important predictors of adult functional outcomes. Management of these areas early on, through timely treatments for ADHD symptoms, and providing additional support to children with lower IQ and from households with low incomes, could assist in improving adult functioning.
KW - Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD study
KW - adult outcomes
KW - attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
KW - childhood predictors
KW - functioning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85025153158&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.05.020
DO - 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.05.020
M3 - Article
C2 - 28735698
AN - SCOPUS:85025153158
SN - 0890-8567
VL - 56
SP - 687-695.e7
JO - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
JF - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
IS - 8
ER -