@article{11f92be8d03b41c6841f354e31dd73e8,
title = "Cerebral Small Vessel Disease-Related Dementia: More Questions Than Answers",
abstract = "Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has emerged as a common factor driving age-dependent diseases, including stroke and dementia. CSVD-related dementia will affect a growing fraction of the aging population, requiring improved recognition, understanding, and treatments. This review describes evolving criteria and imaging biomarkers for the diagnosis of CSVD-related dementia. We describe diagnostic challenges, particularly in the context of mixed pathologies and the absence of highly effective biomarkers for CSVD-related dementia. We review evidence regarding CSVD as a risk factor for developing neurodegenerative disease and potential mechanisms by which CSVD leads to progressive brain injury. Finally, we summarize recent studies on the effects of major classes of cardiovascular medicines relevant to CSVD-related cognitive impairment. Although many key questions remain, the increased attention to CSVD has resulted in a sharper vision for what will be needed to meet the upcoming challenges imposed by this disease.",
keywords = "Alzheimer disease, biomarker, blood-brain barrier, dementia, magnetic resonance imaging",
author = "Elahi, {Fanny M.} and Wang, {Michael M.} and Meschia, {James F.}",
note = "Funding Information: Dr Elahi receives support from the Department of Veterans Affairs and the National Institute of Aging (IK2CX002180), Larry L. Hillblom Foundation (2019A012SUP), and New Vision Research. Dr Wang is supported by grants from the Department of Veterans Affairs (BX003824) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH; NS099160). He has also received support from Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) Together We Have Hope. Dr Meschia is supported by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke for the Carotid Revascularization and Medical Management for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Trial (CREST-2 [Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial]; U01NS080168); CREST-2-Hemodynamics (CREST-H [Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial - Hemodynamics]; R01NS097876); the Long-term Observational Extension of Participants in the CREST-2 Randomized Clinical Trial (C2LOE; U01 NS119169); and the DISCOVERY Recruitment and Retention Core (DISCOVERY RRC; U19NS115388). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.038265",
language = "English",
volume = "54",
pages = "648--660",
journal = "Stroke",
issn = "0039-2499",
publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Ltd.",
number = "3",
}