Cellular Components of Nervous Tissue

Patrick R. Hof, Grahame Kidd, Javier DeFelipe, Jean de Vellis, Miguel A.Gama Sosa, Gregory A. Elder, Bruce D. Trapp

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterpeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

This chapter provides general information on the various types of cells that compose nervous tissues and serves as an introduction to cellular neuroscience. Different classes of neurons are presented in terms of their function, morphology, neurochemistry, and place in neural circuits. Cortical pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneuron subtypes are discussed together with examples of specialized neurons from subcortical regions. The structure of excitatory and inhibitory synapses is also reviewed. Each type of glial cell (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, as well as microglia) is introduced in separate sections that review their particular function, structure, and interactions with neurons. A final section presents brain endothelial cells and their role in maintenance of the blood-brain barrier.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationFrom Molecules to Networks
Subtitle of host publicationAn Introduction to Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience: Third Edition
PublisherElsevier Inc.
Pages3-21
Number of pages19
ISBN (Print)9780123971791
DOIs
StatePublished - 11 Jul 2014

Keywords

  • Astrocyte
  • Glia
  • Interneuron
  • Microglia
  • Microvasculature
  • Neurons
  • Oligodendrocyte
  • Pyramidal cell

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