Case report: Acute thrombotic occlusion and pseudoaneurysm of the brachial artery diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound after nondiagnostic angiography

The swift and accurate diagnosis of acute arterial occlusion and limb ischemia is critical to prevent morbidity from this vascular emergency as reported by Bettman et al. (Radiology 215:101-105, 2000). There are a number of imaging modalities available to the diagnosing physician. However, the most appropriate modality may vary according to the clinical presentation. We present an atypical case of acute thrombosis of the brachial artery, which could not be diagnosed by conventional angiography, but was identified successfully with Doppler ultrasound. We also briefly discuss the issues surrounding vascular imaging in this case and overview the strengths and weaknesses of available imaging modalities.