Biomaterial selection for tooth regeneration

Zhenglin Yuan, Hemin Nie, Shuang Wang, Chang Hun Lee, Ang Li, Susan Y. Fu, Hong Zhou, Lili Chen, Jeremy J. Mao

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

100 Scopus citations

Abstract

Biomaterials are native or synthetic polymers that act as carriers for drug delivery or scaffolds for tissue regeneration. When implanted in vivo, biomaterials should be nontoxic and exert intended functions. For tooth regeneration, biomaterials have primarily served as a scaffold for (1) transplanted stem cells and/or (2) recruitment of endogenous stem cells. This article critically synthesizes our knowledge of biomaterial use in tooth regeneration, including the selection of native and/or synthetic polymers, three-dimensional scaffold fabrication, stem cell transplantation, and stem cell homing. A tooth is a complex biological organ. Tooth loss represents the most common organ failure. Tooth regeneration encompasses not only regrowth of an entire tooth as an organ, but also biological restoration of individual components of the tooth including enamel, dentin, cementum, or dental pulp. Regeneration of tooth root represents perhaps more near-term opportunities than the regeneration of the whole tooth. In the adult, a tooth owes its biological vitality, arguably more, to the root than the crown. Biomaterials are indispensible for the regeneration of tooth root, tooth crown, dental pulp, or an entire tooth.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)373-388
Number of pages16
JournalTissue Engineering - Part B: Reviews
Volume17
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Oct 2011
Externally publishedYes

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