TY - JOUR
T1 - Binge Ethanol Exposure Increases Liver Injury in Obese Rats
AU - Carmiel-Haggai, Michal
AU - Cederbaum, Arthur I.
AU - Nieto, Natalia
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by The American Association for the Studies of Liver Diseases/Schering Advanced Hepatology Fellowship (M.C.-H.), by US Public Health Service Grant AA 03312 from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (A.I.C.), and by the Charles H. Revson Fellowship and the American Liver Foundation Liver Scholar Award (N.N.).
PY - 2003/12
Y1 - 2003/12
N2 - Background & Aims: The objective of this study was to address the hepatic effects of acute alcohol consumption in obesity by simulating an alcohol binge in genetically obese fa/fa rats compared with lean Fa/? rats. Methods: Ethanol 4 g/kg or saline was administered by gavage every 12 hours for 3 days. Results: Plasma alcohol levels were similar in both groups. Binge ethanol exposure caused liver injury in obese fa/fa but not in lean Fa/? rats, as assessed by alanine aminotransferase and H&E staining. Obesity impaired the antioxidant defense because basal levels of glutathione, glutamate cysteine ligase modulatory subunit, catalase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase were lower in fa/fa compared with Fa/? rats; the ethanol binge further decreased these antioxidants in fa/fa rats and also decreased glutathione peroxidase activity. Nonesterified fatty acids and lipid peroxidation were increased after ethanol treatment in fa/fa rats. Cytochrome P450 2E1 was down-regulated in fa/fa compared with Fa/? rats; however, the ethanol binge increased cytochrome P450 2E1 in both genotypes. Adenosine triphosphate decreased and uncoupling protein 2 increased in fa/fa rats treated with ethanol. 3-Nitrotyrosine protein adducts were detected only in fa/fa rats treated with ethanol, and this was accompanied by an induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Ethanol binge increased caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity, the expression of Fas ligand, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling in fa/fa rats. Conclusions: These data indicate that binge drinking increases apoptosis and liver injury in obese rats more than in lean controls and suggest that the injury may involve oxidative and nitrosative damage.
AB - Background & Aims: The objective of this study was to address the hepatic effects of acute alcohol consumption in obesity by simulating an alcohol binge in genetically obese fa/fa rats compared with lean Fa/? rats. Methods: Ethanol 4 g/kg or saline was administered by gavage every 12 hours for 3 days. Results: Plasma alcohol levels were similar in both groups. Binge ethanol exposure caused liver injury in obese fa/fa but not in lean Fa/? rats, as assessed by alanine aminotransferase and H&E staining. Obesity impaired the antioxidant defense because basal levels of glutathione, glutamate cysteine ligase modulatory subunit, catalase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase were lower in fa/fa compared with Fa/? rats; the ethanol binge further decreased these antioxidants in fa/fa rats and also decreased glutathione peroxidase activity. Nonesterified fatty acids and lipid peroxidation were increased after ethanol treatment in fa/fa rats. Cytochrome P450 2E1 was down-regulated in fa/fa compared with Fa/? rats; however, the ethanol binge increased cytochrome P450 2E1 in both genotypes. Adenosine triphosphate decreased and uncoupling protein 2 increased in fa/fa rats treated with ethanol. 3-Nitrotyrosine protein adducts were detected only in fa/fa rats treated with ethanol, and this was accompanied by an induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Ethanol binge increased caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity, the expression of Fas ligand, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling in fa/fa rats. Conclusions: These data indicate that binge drinking increases apoptosis and liver injury in obese rats more than in lean controls and suggest that the injury may involve oxidative and nitrosative damage.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0345059393&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1053/j.gastro.2003.09.019
DO - 10.1053/j.gastro.2003.09.019
M3 - Article
C2 - 14724834
AN - SCOPUS:0345059393
SN - 0016-5085
VL - 125
SP - 1818
EP - 1833
JO - Gastroenterology
JF - Gastroenterology
IS - 6
ER -