Artificial gravity: A possible countermeasure for post-flight orthostatic intolerance

Steven T. Moore; André Diedrich; Italo Biaggioni; Horacio Kaufmann; Theodore Raphan; Bernard Cohen

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2005.01.012

Artificial gravity: A possible countermeasure for post-flight orthostatic intolerance

Steven T. Moore, André Diedrich, Italo Biaggioni, Horacio Kaufmann, Theodore Raphan, Bernard Cohen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

Four payload crewmembers were exposed to sustained linear acceleration in a centrifuge during the Neurolab (STS-90) flight. In contrast to previous studies, otolith-ocular reflexes were preserved during and after flight. This raised the possibility that artificial gravity may have acted as a countermeasure to the deconditioning of otolith-ocular reflexes. None of the astronauts who were centrifuged had orthostatic intolerance when tested with head-up passive tilt after flight. Thus, centrifugation may also have helped maintain post-flight hemodynamic responses to orthostasis by preserving the gain of the otolith-sympathetic reflex. A comparison with two fellow Neurolab orbiter crewmembers not exposed to artificial gravity provided some support for this hypothesis. One of the two had hemodynamic changes in response to post-flight tilt similar to orthostatically intolerant subjects from previous missions. More data is necessary to evaluate this hypothesis, but if it were proven correct, in-flight short-radius centrifugation may help counteract orthostatic intolerance after space flight.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	867-876
Number of pages	10
Journal	Acta Astronautica
Volume	56
Issue number	9-12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2005.01.012
State	Published - May 2005
Event	Living in Space: Scientific, Medical and Cultural Implications. A Selection of Papers Presented at the 14th IAA Humans in Space Symposium - Duration: 18 May 2003 → 22 May 2003

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@article{409777518fcb4121bd93915d1aa76777,

title = "Artificial gravity: A possible countermeasure for post-flight orthostatic intolerance",

abstract = "Four payload crewmembers were exposed to sustained linear acceleration in a centrifuge during the Neurolab (STS-90) flight. In contrast to previous studies, otolith-ocular reflexes were preserved during and after flight. This raised the possibility that artificial gravity may have acted as a countermeasure to the deconditioning of otolith-ocular reflexes. None of the astronauts who were centrifuged had orthostatic intolerance when tested with head-up passive tilt after flight. Thus, centrifugation may also have helped maintain post-flight hemodynamic responses to orthostasis by preserving the gain of the otolith-sympathetic reflex. A comparison with two fellow Neurolab orbiter crewmembers not exposed to artificial gravity provided some support for this hypothesis. One of the two had hemodynamic changes in response to post-flight tilt similar to orthostatically intolerant subjects from previous missions. More data is necessary to evaluate this hypothesis, but if it were proven correct, in-flight short-radius centrifugation may help counteract orthostatic intolerance after space flight.",

author = "Moore, {Steven T.} and Andr{\'e} Diedrich and Italo Biaggioni and Horacio Kaufmann and Theodore Raphan and Bernard Cohen",

note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the efforts of the Neurolab crew: Rick Searfoss, Scott Altman, Rick Linnehan, Dave Williams, Jay Buckey, Jim Pawelczyk; the alternate payload specialists, Alex Dunlap and Chiaki Mukai; Mel Buderer, Dan Harfe, Gwenn Sandoz and Nasser Ayub (JSC); Jacqui Van Tweste (KSC); Mike Cork and Thierry Dewandre (ESA/ESTEC); Frederic Bellossi (Aerospatiale). Supported by NASA Contracts NAS 9-19441 and NCC 9-128 (Cohen, Raphan and Moore); NAS 9-19483 and NAS 9-19429, and NIH Grants M01 RR00095, 5P01 HL56693, 1U01NS33460, 1U01HL53206 (Biaggioni and Diedrich); and RO1 DC04212-01A1 (Kaufmann, Moore, Cohen, Raphan, Biaggioni and Diedrich). We acknowledge the Neurolab autonomic team for their effort in the design and execution of the studies that formed the basis of the hemodynamic results presented here, and note that this does not constitute their endorsement of the interpretation and hypothesis presented by the authors.A full list of members of the Neurolab autonomic team can be found in Levine et al. [17] . ; Living in Space: Scientific, Medical and Cultural Implications. A Selection of Papers Presented at the 14th IAA Humans in Space Symposium ; Conference date: 18-05-2003 Through 22-05-2003",

year = "2005",

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T2 - Living in Space: Scientific, Medical and Cultural Implications. A Selection of Papers Presented at the 14th IAA Humans in Space Symposium

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AU - Diedrich, André

AU - Biaggioni, Italo

AU - Kaufmann, Horacio

AU - Raphan, Theodore

AU - Cohen, Bernard

N1 - Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the efforts of the Neurolab crew: Rick Searfoss, Scott Altman, Rick Linnehan, Dave Williams, Jay Buckey, Jim Pawelczyk; the alternate payload specialists, Alex Dunlap and Chiaki Mukai; Mel Buderer, Dan Harfe, Gwenn Sandoz and Nasser Ayub (JSC); Jacqui Van Tweste (KSC); Mike Cork and Thierry Dewandre (ESA/ESTEC); Frederic Bellossi (Aerospatiale). Supported by NASA Contracts NAS 9-19441 and NCC 9-128 (Cohen, Raphan and Moore); NAS 9-19483 and NAS 9-19429, and NIH Grants M01 RR00095, 5P01 HL56693, 1U01NS33460, 1U01HL53206 (Biaggioni and Diedrich); and RO1 DC04212-01A1 (Kaufmann, Moore, Cohen, Raphan, Biaggioni and Diedrich). We acknowledge the Neurolab autonomic team for their effort in the design and execution of the studies that formed the basis of the hemodynamic results presented here, and note that this does not constitute their endorsement of the interpretation and hypothesis presented by the authors.A full list of members of the Neurolab autonomic team can be found in Levine et al. [17] .

PY - 2005/5

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N2 - Four payload crewmembers were exposed to sustained linear acceleration in a centrifuge during the Neurolab (STS-90) flight. In contrast to previous studies, otolith-ocular reflexes were preserved during and after flight. This raised the possibility that artificial gravity may have acted as a countermeasure to the deconditioning of otolith-ocular reflexes. None of the astronauts who were centrifuged had orthostatic intolerance when tested with head-up passive tilt after flight. Thus, centrifugation may also have helped maintain post-flight hemodynamic responses to orthostasis by preserving the gain of the otolith-sympathetic reflex. A comparison with two fellow Neurolab orbiter crewmembers not exposed to artificial gravity provided some support for this hypothesis. One of the two had hemodynamic changes in response to post-flight tilt similar to orthostatically intolerant subjects from previous missions. More data is necessary to evaluate this hypothesis, but if it were proven correct, in-flight short-radius centrifugation may help counteract orthostatic intolerance after space flight.

AB - Four payload crewmembers were exposed to sustained linear acceleration in a centrifuge during the Neurolab (STS-90) flight. In contrast to previous studies, otolith-ocular reflexes were preserved during and after flight. This raised the possibility that artificial gravity may have acted as a countermeasure to the deconditioning of otolith-ocular reflexes. None of the astronauts who were centrifuged had orthostatic intolerance when tested with head-up passive tilt after flight. Thus, centrifugation may also have helped maintain post-flight hemodynamic responses to orthostasis by preserving the gain of the otolith-sympathetic reflex. A comparison with two fellow Neurolab orbiter crewmembers not exposed to artificial gravity provided some support for this hypothesis. One of the two had hemodynamic changes in response to post-flight tilt similar to orthostatically intolerant subjects from previous missions. More data is necessary to evaluate this hypothesis, but if it were proven correct, in-flight short-radius centrifugation may help counteract orthostatic intolerance after space flight.

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JO - Acta Astronautica

JF - Acta Astronautica

IS - 9-12

Y2 - 18 May 2003 through 22 May 2003

ER -

Artificial gravity: A possible countermeasure for post-flight orthostatic intolerance

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