@article{a9159a3e411946c0b6c26065e8290e4f,
title = "Apremilast and narrowband ultraviolet B combination therapy suppresses Th17 axis and promotes melanogenesis in vitiligo skin: a randomized, split-body, pilot study in skin types IV–VI",
abstract = "Improved repigmentation of generalized vitiligo in skin types IV–VI has been reported in clinical response to combined therapy with apremilast and narrowband (NB)-UVB; however, tissue responses to combined therapy versus NB-UVB monotherapy have not been elucidated. We compared the change from baseline in cellular and molecular markers in vitiligo skin after combined therapy versus NB-UVB monotherapy. We assessed lesional and nonlesional skin samples from enrolled subjects and evaluated for immune infiltrates, inflammatory, and melanogenesis-related markers which were compared across different treatment groups. Combined therapy resulted in significant reduction of CD8+T cells and CD11c+ dendritic cells, downregulation of PDE4B and Th17-related markers, and upregulation of melanogenesis markers. This study was limited to small sample size, skin types IV–VI, and high dropout rate. Our molecular findings support the clinical analysis that apremilast may potentiate NB-UVB in repigmentation of generalized vitiligo in skin types IV–VI.",
keywords = "Anti-inflammatory, Apremilast, IFNγ pathway, Innate immune system, Narrowband UVB, Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, Split-body study, Th17 axis, Vitiligo",
author = "Kim, {Hee J.} and {Del Duca}, Ester and Pavel, {Ana B.} and Singer, {Giselle K.} and Abittan, {Brian J.} and Chima, {Margot A.} and Grace Kimmel and Jennifer Bares and Danielle Baum and Matthew Gagliotti and Jordan Genece and Justin Chu and Lebwohl, {Mark G.} and Emma Guttman-Yassky",
note = "Funding Information: This study received funding from Celgene Corporation. Funding Information: Dr. Lebwohl has received research funds from Abbvie, Amgen, Arcutis, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Clinuvel, Corrona.Inc, Eli Lilly, Foundation for Research & Education in Dermatology, Incyte, Janssen Research & Development, Kadmon Corp, Leo Pharmaceuticals, MedImmune, Novartis, Ortho Dermatologics, Pfizer, Sciderm, UCB.Inc, and ViDac, and is a consultant for Allergan, Almirall, Arcutis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Castle Biosciences, Leo Pharma, Menlo, Mitsubishi, Neuroderm, Pfizer, Promius/Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, Theravance, and Verrica. Dr. Guttman has received research funds from Abbvie, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, MedImmune/AstraZeneca, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Vitae, Glenmark, Galderma, Asana, Innovaderm, Dermira and UCB, and is also a consultant for Sanofi Aventis, Regeneron, Stiefel/GlaxoSmithKline, MedImmune, Celgene, Anacor, AnaptysBio, Dermira, Galderma, Glenmark, Novartis, Pfizer, Vitae, Leo Pharma, Abbvie, Eli Lilly, Kyowa, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Asana Biosciences, and Promius. Other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1007/s00403-022-02343-1",
language = "English",
volume = "315",
pages = "215--221",
journal = "Archives of Dermatological Research",
issn = "0340-3696",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
number = "2",
}