Anesthesia for urological endoscopic procedures

Urological endoscopic procedures are performed on a wide variety of patients ranging from the young, physically fit to the elderly with multiple comorbidities. While these procedures generally do not require any particular anesthetic technique, depending upon the procedure, the medical condition of the patient, and patient's and/or surgeon's preference, one technique may be more appropriate. Many of these procedures are ambulatory, performed in cystoscopy suites with a rapid turnover of patients, and the anesthetic choice must also consider these concerns. This chapter focuses on the anesthetic concerns of urological endoscopic procedures ranging from the relatively minimally invasive cystoscopy to transurethral resections, along with the newer surgical techniques for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, and ureteroscopic procedures.