TY - JOUR
T1 - An integrative study of the microbiome gut-brain-axis and hippocampal inflammation in psychosis
T2 - Persistent effects from mode of birth
AU - Joe, Peter
AU - Clemente, Jose C.
AU - Piras, Enrica
AU - Wallach, David S.
AU - Robinson-Papp, Jessica
AU - Boka, Emeka
AU - Remsen, Brooke
AU - Bonner, Mharisi
AU - Kimhy, David
AU - Goetz, Deborah
AU - Hoffman, Kevin
AU - Lee, Jakleen
AU - Ruby, Eugene
AU - Fendrich, Sarah
AU - Gonen, Oded
AU - Malaspina, Dolores
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - The mechanism producing psychosis appears to include hippocampal inflammation, which could be associated with the microbiome-gut-brain-axis (MGBS). To test this hypothesis we are conducting a multidisciplinary study, herein described. The procedures are illustrated with testing of a single subject and group level information on the impact of C-section birth are presented. Method: Study subjects undergo research diagnostic interviews and symptom assessments to be categorized into one of 3 study groups: psychosis, nonpsychotic affective disorder or healthy control. Hippocampal volume and metabolite concentrations are assessed using 3-dimensional, multi-voxel H1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRSI) encompassing all gray matter in the entire hippocampal volume. Rich self-report information is obtained with the PROMIS interview, which was developed by the NIH Commons for research in chronic conditions. Early trauma is assessed and cognition is quantitated using the MATRICS. The method also includes the most comprehensive autonomic nervous system (ANS) battery used to date in psychiatric research. Stool and oral samples are obtained for microbiome assessments and cytokines and other substances are measured in blood samples. Results: Group level preliminary data shows that C-section birth is associated with higher concentrations of GLX, a glutamate related hippocampal neurotransmitter in psychotic cases, worse symptoms in affective disorder cases and smaller hippocampal volume in controls. Conclusion: Mode of birth appears to have persistent influences through adulthood. The methodology described for this study will define pathways through which the MGBA may influence the risk for psychiatric disorders.
AB - The mechanism producing psychosis appears to include hippocampal inflammation, which could be associated with the microbiome-gut-brain-axis (MGBS). To test this hypothesis we are conducting a multidisciplinary study, herein described. The procedures are illustrated with testing of a single subject and group level information on the impact of C-section birth are presented. Method: Study subjects undergo research diagnostic interviews and symptom assessments to be categorized into one of 3 study groups: psychosis, nonpsychotic affective disorder or healthy control. Hippocampal volume and metabolite concentrations are assessed using 3-dimensional, multi-voxel H1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRSI) encompassing all gray matter in the entire hippocampal volume. Rich self-report information is obtained with the PROMIS interview, which was developed by the NIH Commons for research in chronic conditions. Early trauma is assessed and cognition is quantitated using the MATRICS. The method also includes the most comprehensive autonomic nervous system (ANS) battery used to date in psychiatric research. Stool and oral samples are obtained for microbiome assessments and cytokines and other substances are measured in blood samples. Results: Group level preliminary data shows that C-section birth is associated with higher concentrations of GLX, a glutamate related hippocampal neurotransmitter in psychotic cases, worse symptoms in affective disorder cases and smaller hippocampal volume in controls. Conclusion: Mode of birth appears to have persistent influences through adulthood. The methodology described for this study will define pathways through which the MGBA may influence the risk for psychiatric disorders.
KW - Autonomic nervous system
KW - Inflammation
KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW - Microbiome
KW - Psychosis
KW - Schizophrenia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85116582092&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2021.09.019
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2021.09.019
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85116582092
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 247
SP - 101
EP - 115
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
ER -