TY - JOUR
T1 - Agitation in cognitive disorders
T2 - International Psychogeriatric Association provisional consensus clinical and research definition
AU - Cummings, Jeffrey
AU - Mintzer, Jacobo
AU - Brodaty, Henry
AU - Sano, Mary
AU - Banerjee, Sube
AU - Devanand, D. P.
AU - Gauthier, Serge
AU - Howard, Robert
AU - Lanctôt, Krista
AU - Lyketsos, Constantine G.
AU - Peskind, Elaine
AU - Porsteinsson, Anton P.
AU - Reich, Edgardo
AU - Sampaio, Cristina
AU - Steffens, David
AU - Wortmann, Marc
AU - Zhong, Kate
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2014.
PY - 2015/1/12
Y1 - 2015/1/12
N2 - Background: Agitation is common across neuropsychiatric disorders and contributes to disability, institutionalization, and diminished quality of life for patients and their caregivers. There is no consensus definition of agitation and no widespread agreement on what elements should be included in the syndrome. The International Psychogeriatric Association formed an Agitation Definition Work Group (ADWG) to develop a provisional consensus definition of agitation in patients with cognitive disorders that can be applied in epidemiologic, non-interventional clinical, pharmacologic, non-pharmacologic interventional, and neurobiological studies. A consensus definition will facilitate communication and cross-study comparison and may have regulatory applications in drug development programs. Methods: The ADWG developed a transparent process using a combination of electronic, face-to-face, and survey-based strategies to develop a consensus based on agreement of a majority of participants. Nine-hundred twenty-eight respondents participated in the different phases of the process. Results: Agitation was defined broadly as: (1) occurring in patients with a cognitive impairment or dementia syndrome; (2) exhibiting behavior consistent with emotional distress; (3) manifesting excessive motor activity, verbal aggression, or physical aggression; and (4) evidencing behaviors that cause excess disability and are not solely attributable to another disorder (psychiatric, medical, or substance-related). A majority of the respondents rated all surveyed elements of the definition as strongly agree or somewhat agree (68-88% across elements). A majority of the respondents agreed that the definition is appropriate for clinical and research applications. Conclusions: A provisional consensus definition of agitation has been developed. This definition can be used to advance interventional and non-interventional research of agitation in patients with cognitive impairment.
AB - Background: Agitation is common across neuropsychiatric disorders and contributes to disability, institutionalization, and diminished quality of life for patients and their caregivers. There is no consensus definition of agitation and no widespread agreement on what elements should be included in the syndrome. The International Psychogeriatric Association formed an Agitation Definition Work Group (ADWG) to develop a provisional consensus definition of agitation in patients with cognitive disorders that can be applied in epidemiologic, non-interventional clinical, pharmacologic, non-pharmacologic interventional, and neurobiological studies. A consensus definition will facilitate communication and cross-study comparison and may have regulatory applications in drug development programs. Methods: The ADWG developed a transparent process using a combination of electronic, face-to-face, and survey-based strategies to develop a consensus based on agreement of a majority of participants. Nine-hundred twenty-eight respondents participated in the different phases of the process. Results: Agitation was defined broadly as: (1) occurring in patients with a cognitive impairment or dementia syndrome; (2) exhibiting behavior consistent with emotional distress; (3) manifesting excessive motor activity, verbal aggression, or physical aggression; and (4) evidencing behaviors that cause excess disability and are not solely attributable to another disorder (psychiatric, medical, or substance-related). A majority of the respondents rated all surveyed elements of the definition as strongly agree or somewhat agree (68-88% across elements). A majority of the respondents agreed that the definition is appropriate for clinical and research applications. Conclusions: A provisional consensus definition of agitation has been developed. This definition can be used to advance interventional and non-interventional research of agitation in patients with cognitive impairment.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - Food and Drug Administration
KW - International Psychogeriatric Association
KW - aggression
KW - agitation
KW - clinical trials
KW - cognitive impairment
KW - epidemiology
KW - intervention
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84927697456
U2 - 10.1017/S1041610214001963
DO - 10.1017/S1041610214001963
M3 - Article
C2 - 25311499
AN - SCOPUS:84927697456
SN - 1041-6102
VL - 27
SP - 7
EP - 17
JO - International Psychogeriatrics
JF - International Psychogeriatrics
IS - 1
ER -