Adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma of thyroid gland-An unfamiliar mimicker of epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasms of the head and neck

Introduction: Adamantinoma-like Ewing Sarcoma (ALES) is a rare variant of the Ewing family of tumours (EFT) harbouring the EWSR1-FLI1 translocation and with complex epithelial differentiation. Very few cases of ALES involving thyroid have been reported in literature. Case report: We report a case of ALES involving the thyroid in a 61-year-old male who presented with an enlarging nodule in the left lobe of the thyroid and underwent hemithyroidectomy. Discussion: ALES demonstrates morphologic similarity to a multitude of epithelial and mesenchymal tumours, creating a potential diagnostic pitfall in thyroid and head and neck pathology. Given the rarity of this tumour, there is also a lack of accepted guidelines regarding further surgical management of these cases following hemithyroidectomy.