@article{a9b32309dea645eead5963f4862e0fc2,
title = "Acute renal failure in the 21st century: Recommendations for management and outcomes assessment",
abstract = "Acute renal failure (ARF) remains a common and potentially devastating disorder affecting as many of 5% of all hospitalized patients, with a higher prevalence in patients in critical care units. ARF is more frequently observed in the setting of multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and in elderly patients with complex disease, where mortality is high. Numerous technical advances have not yet impacted favorably on this high mortality rate. This report summarizes recommendations from participants at the National Institutes of Health Conference: 'Acute Renal Failure in the 21st Century,' May 6 to 8, 1996, in Bethesda, MD. The focus is on categorizing recent clinically relevant developments in the field and on identification of new research initiatives to transfer a new body of knowledge derived from fundamental studies and laboratory investigation to the management of ARF in the new millennium. The development of a multicenter database through cooperative multicenter studies is advocated. Future studies should define the appropriate outcome measures to assess and emphasize the impact of hemodynamic monitoring, adjunctive agents, and adequacy and modality of renal replacement therapy on outcomes in ARF.",
keywords = "Acute renal failure, continuous renal replacement therapy, critical care unit, experimental therapies, hemodynamic monitoring, intermittent renal replacement therapy",
author = "DuBose, {Thomas D.} and Warnock, {David G.} and Mehta, {Ravindra L.} and Bonventre, {Joseph V.} and Hammerman, {Marc R.} and Molitoris, {Bruce A.} and Paller, {Mark S.} and Siegel, {Norman J.} and James Scherbenske and Striker, {Gary E.}",
note = "Funding Information: From the University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of California School of Medicine, San Diego, CA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT: and DKUHD-NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Received October 31, 1996; accepted in revisedform sty IO, 1997. These guidelines resulted largely from recommendations participants at the National Institutes of Health Conference: “Acute Renal Failure in the 2Ist Century,” May 6-8, 1996, in Bethesda, MD, sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC. The conference was also supported by an unrestricted education grant from Amgen Medical Educational Services, Thousand Oaks, CA. Address reprint requests to Thomas D. DuBose, Jr, MD, Director, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Texas Medical School-Houston, 6431 Fannin, MSB 4.136, Houston, TX 77030. 0 I997 by the National Kidney Foundation 0272-6386/97/2905-0023$3.00/O",
year = "1997",
month = may,
doi = "10.1016/S0272-6386(97)90136-0",
language = "English",
volume = "29",
pages = "793--799",
journal = "American Journal of Kidney Diseases",
issn = "0272-6386",
publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",
number = "5",
}