Access to the environment and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury

J. Scott Richards; Charles H. Bombardier; Denise Tate; Marcel Dijkers; Wayne Gordon; Richard Shewchuk; Michael J. DeVivo

doi:10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90264-2

Access to the environment and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury

J. Scott Richards, Charles H. Bombardier, Denise Tate, Marcel Dijkers, Wayne Gordon, Richard Shewchuk, Michael J. DeVivo

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

107 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: To determine the potential relation between satisfaction with life after spinal cord injury and access to the environment as measured by selected items from the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART). Design: Prospective, correlational/predictive study using cross- sectional and longitudinal data from 18 Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems of Care. Subjects: Adult persons with traumatic-onset spinal cord injury (n = 650) evaluated at 1 or 2 years postinjury. Outcome Measure: Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Predictor Variables: Demographic characteristics, impairment and disability classifications, medical complications, rehabilitation insurance status, occupational status as measured by the CHART Occupation Scale, self-perceived health (from SF-36), and access to the environment as measured by items from the CHART Mobility Scale. Results: Access to the environment was positively and linearly associated with satisfaction with life, demonstrated both positive and negative change over time, and was positively associated with subject's neurologic status. Access to the environment added to the explanatory model to predict life satisfaction even after all other independent measures were accounted for. Conclusion: Access to the environment (an 'outside the person' factor) is important in predicting satisfaction with life for persons with spinal cord injury. The measure of access to the environment developed here is promising and worthy of further exploration and expansion.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1501-1506
Number of pages	6
Journal	Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume	80
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90264-2
State	Published - Nov 1999

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10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90264-2

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@article{2ad8ced8bfac43f7b98f59161e0135bb,

title = "Access to the environment and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury",

abstract = "Objective: To determine the potential relation between satisfaction with life after spinal cord injury and access to the environment as measured by selected items from the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART). Design: Prospective, correlational/predictive study using cross- sectional and longitudinal data from 18 Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems of Care. Subjects: Adult persons with traumatic-onset spinal cord injury (n = 650) evaluated at 1 or 2 years postinjury. Outcome Measure: Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Predictor Variables: Demographic characteristics, impairment and disability classifications, medical complications, rehabilitation insurance status, occupational status as measured by the CHART Occupation Scale, self-perceived health (from SF-36), and access to the environment as measured by items from the CHART Mobility Scale. Results: Access to the environment was positively and linearly associated with satisfaction with life, demonstrated both positive and negative change over time, and was positively associated with subject's neurologic status. Access to the environment added to the explanatory model to predict life satisfaction even after all other independent measures were accounted for. Conclusion: Access to the environment (an 'outside the person' factor) is important in predicting satisfaction with life for persons with spinal cord injury. The measure of access to the environment developed here is promising and worthy of further exploration and expansion.",

author = "Richards, {J. Scott} and Bombardier, {Charles H.} and Denise Tate and Marcel Dijkers and Wayne Gordon and Richard Shewchuk and DeVivo, {Michael J.}",

note = "Funding Information: DeVivo), and the Health Services Administration( Dr. Shewchuk), Universityo f Alabamaa t Birmingham,B irmingham,A L; the Departmento f PhysicalM edicinea nd Rehabilitation,U niversityo f Washington,S eattle, WA (Dr. Bombardier);t he Department of PhysicalM edicinea nd Rehabilitation,U niversityo f Michigan,A nnA rbor,M I (Dr. Tate); the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,W ayne State University,D etroit, M1 (Dr. Dijkers); and the Departmento f Physical Medicinea nd Rehabilitation,M t. Sinai MedicalC enter,N ew York( Dr. Gordon). Submittedf or publicationA pril 30, 1999.A cceptedi n revisedf orm June 10, 1999. Supported by the followingM odel SpinalC ord InjuryS ystemso f Care grantsf rom the National Institute on Disability and RehabilitationR esearch, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, United States Department of Education: University of Alabama at Birmingham, H133N50009; Universityo f Washington, HI33N50025-98; Universityo f Michigan,H I33N50012-99;R ehabilitationI nstitute of Michigan, HI33N50006; Mt Sinai School of Medicineo f New York University, HI33N50008. No commercialp arty having a direct financiali nteresti n the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organizationw ith which the authors are associated. Reprint requests to J. Scott Richards, PhD, Departmento f Physical Medicinea nd Rehabilitation,S painR ehabilitationC enter,R oom5 29, 17176 th AvenueS outh, Room 529, Universityo f Alabama,B irmingham,A L 35233-7330. {\textcopyright} 1999 by the American Congress of RehabilitationM edicinea nd the American Academyo f PhysicaI Medicinea nd Rehabilitation 0003-9993/99/8011-561453.00/0 (1) positive affect; (2) negative affect; (3) and life satisfaction. While positive and negative affect refer to the emotional aspects of QOL, life satisfaction refers to the cognitive-judgmental aspects. Shin and Johnson 2 define life satisfaction as a {"}global assessment of a person's QOL according to his/her own criteria.{"} The judgment of how satisfied people are with their lives is based on a comparison with a standard that is unique to the individual. For example, although health, energy, and mobility may be desirable attributes for some people, others may place different values on these aspects of life and therefore rate their life satisfaction differently. Given the range of individual differences in QOL, it is essential to ask the person for his/her overall evaluation of life, rather than summing across satisfaction with specific domains.",

year = "1999",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90264-2",

language = "English",

volume = "80",

pages = "1501--1506",

journal = "Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation",

issn = "0003-9993",

publisher = "W.B. Saunders",

number = "11",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Access to the environment and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury

AU - Richards, J. Scott

AU - Bombardier, Charles H.

AU - Tate, Denise

AU - Dijkers, Marcel

AU - Gordon, Wayne

AU - Shewchuk, Richard

AU - DeVivo, Michael J.

N1 - Funding Information: DeVivo), and the Health Services Administration( Dr. Shewchuk), Universityo f Alabamaa t Birmingham,B irmingham,A L; the Departmento f PhysicalM edicinea nd Rehabilitation,U niversityo f Washington,S eattle, WA (Dr. Bombardier);t he Department of PhysicalM edicinea nd Rehabilitation,U niversityo f Michigan,A nnA rbor,M I (Dr. Tate); the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,W ayne State University,D etroit, M1 (Dr. Dijkers); and the Departmento f Physical Medicinea nd Rehabilitation,M t. Sinai MedicalC enter,N ew York( Dr. Gordon). Submittedf or publicationA pril 30, 1999.A cceptedi n revisedf orm June 10, 1999. Supported by the followingM odel SpinalC ord InjuryS ystemso f Care grantsf rom the National Institute on Disability and RehabilitationR esearch, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, United States Department of Education: University of Alabama at Birmingham, H133N50009; Universityo f Washington, HI33N50025-98; Universityo f Michigan,H I33N50012-99;R ehabilitationI nstitute of Michigan, HI33N50006; Mt Sinai School of Medicineo f New York University, HI33N50008. No commercialp arty having a direct financiali nteresti n the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organizationw ith which the authors are associated. Reprint requests to J. Scott Richards, PhD, Departmento f Physical Medicinea nd Rehabilitation,S painR ehabilitationC enter,R oom5 29, 17176 th AvenueS outh, Room 529, Universityo f Alabama,B irmingham,A L 35233-7330. © 1999 by the American Congress of RehabilitationM edicinea nd the American Academyo f PhysicaI Medicinea nd Rehabilitation 0003-9993/99/8011-561453.00/0 (1) positive affect; (2) negative affect; (3) and life satisfaction. While positive and negative affect refer to the emotional aspects of QOL, life satisfaction refers to the cognitive-judgmental aspects. Shin and Johnson 2 define life satisfaction as a "global assessment of a person's QOL according to his/her own criteria." The judgment of how satisfied people are with their lives is based on a comparison with a standard that is unique to the individual. For example, although health, energy, and mobility may be desirable attributes for some people, others may place different values on these aspects of life and therefore rate their life satisfaction differently. Given the range of individual differences in QOL, it is essential to ask the person for his/her overall evaluation of life, rather than summing across satisfaction with specific domains.

PY - 1999/11

Y1 - 1999/11

N2 - Objective: To determine the potential relation between satisfaction with life after spinal cord injury and access to the environment as measured by selected items from the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART). Design: Prospective, correlational/predictive study using cross- sectional and longitudinal data from 18 Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems of Care. Subjects: Adult persons with traumatic-onset spinal cord injury (n = 650) evaluated at 1 or 2 years postinjury. Outcome Measure: Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Predictor Variables: Demographic characteristics, impairment and disability classifications, medical complications, rehabilitation insurance status, occupational status as measured by the CHART Occupation Scale, self-perceived health (from SF-36), and access to the environment as measured by items from the CHART Mobility Scale. Results: Access to the environment was positively and linearly associated with satisfaction with life, demonstrated both positive and negative change over time, and was positively associated with subject's neurologic status. Access to the environment added to the explanatory model to predict life satisfaction even after all other independent measures were accounted for. Conclusion: Access to the environment (an 'outside the person' factor) is important in predicting satisfaction with life for persons with spinal cord injury. The measure of access to the environment developed here is promising and worthy of further exploration and expansion.

AB - Objective: To determine the potential relation between satisfaction with life after spinal cord injury and access to the environment as measured by selected items from the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART). Design: Prospective, correlational/predictive study using cross- sectional and longitudinal data from 18 Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems of Care. Subjects: Adult persons with traumatic-onset spinal cord injury (n = 650) evaluated at 1 or 2 years postinjury. Outcome Measure: Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Predictor Variables: Demographic characteristics, impairment and disability classifications, medical complications, rehabilitation insurance status, occupational status as measured by the CHART Occupation Scale, self-perceived health (from SF-36), and access to the environment as measured by items from the CHART Mobility Scale. Results: Access to the environment was positively and linearly associated with satisfaction with life, demonstrated both positive and negative change over time, and was positively associated with subject's neurologic status. Access to the environment added to the explanatory model to predict life satisfaction even after all other independent measures were accounted for. Conclusion: Access to the environment (an 'outside the person' factor) is important in predicting satisfaction with life for persons with spinal cord injury. The measure of access to the environment developed here is promising and worthy of further exploration and expansion.

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Access to the environment and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury

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