@article{0b2bc828ccd1483cbe5c8956336e789a,
title = "A systematic review of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer",
abstract = "Context: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a disease with a pattern of predominantly distant and early recurrences. Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy has demonstrated improved outcomes for MIBC. Objective: To review the data supporting perioperative chemotherapy and emerging regimens for MIBC. Evidence acquisition: Medline databases were searched for original articles published before April 1, 2012, with the search terms bladder cancer, urothelial cancer, radical cystectomy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy. Proceedings from the last 5 yr of major conferences were also searched. Novel and promising drugs that have reached clinical trial evaluation were included. Evidence synthesis: The major findings are addressed in an evidence-based fashion. Prospective trials and important preclinical data were analyzed. Conclusions: Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant combination chemotherapy is an established standard, improving overall survival in MIBC. Pathologic complete response appears to be an intermediate surrogate for survival, but this finding requires further validation. Definitive data to support adjuvant chemotherapy do not exist, and there are no data to support perioperative therapy in cisplatin-ineligible patients. Utilization of neoadjuvant cisplatin is low, attributable in part to patient/physician choice and the advanced age of patients, who often have multiple comorbidities including renal and/or cardiac dysfunction. Trials are using the neoadjuvant paradigm to detect incremental pathologic response to chemobiologic regimens and brief neoadjuvant single-agent therapy to screen for the biologic activity of agents.",
keywords = "Adjuvant therapy, Bladder cancer, Muscle invasive, Neoadjuvant therapy, Radical cystectomy, Urothelial cancer",
author = "Meeks, {Joshua J.} and Joaquim Bellmunt and Bochner, {Bernard H.} and Clarke, {Noel W.} and Siamak Daneshmand and Galsky, {Matthew D.} and Hahn, {Noah M.} and Lerner, {Seth P.} and Malcolm Mason and Thomas Powles and Sternberg, {Cora N.} and Guru Sonpavde",
note = "Funding Information: Financial disclosures: Guru Sonpavde certifies that all conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript (eg, employment/affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, royalties, or patents filed, received, or pending), are the following: Joshua J. Meeks has nothing to disclose. Joaquim Bellmunt receives research funding from Sanofi-Aventis, Pfizer, and Millennium, and he is on the advisory board for Sanofi-Aventis, Pfizer, and. Boehringer. Bernard H. Bochner has nothing to disclose. Noel W. Clarke receives research support from AstraZeneca. Siamak Daneshmand receives research funding from BMS. Matthew D. Galsky receives research funding from Novartis, Celgene, and Dendreon; he is on the advisory board of Aveo, GSK, and Amgen. Noah M. Hahn receives research funding from Merck, Sanofi-Aventis, Millennium, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Celgene. He is on the advisory board for Sanofi-Aventis and on the speakers{\textquoteright} bureau for Janssen Biotech and Sanofi-Aventis. Seth P. Lerner receives research funding from Celek, Imalux, Endo, BMS, and Pfizer. He is on the advisory board for Tengion and Photocure, and a consultant for Dendreon. Malcolm Mason is on the advisory boards and receives honoraria from Sanofi, Ferring, Takeda, Bristol-Myers, and Janssen. Thomas Powles receives research funding and is on the advisory board for GSK, AZ, Pfizer, and Novartis. Cora N. Sternberg has nothing to disclose. Guru Sonpavde receives research support from Eli Lilly, Bellicum, Pfizer, BMS, Novartis, Cephalon, and Celgene, and is on the speakers{\textquoteright} bureau or advisory board for Novartis, Pfizer, GSK, Dendreon, Janssen, Amgen, and Sanofi-Aventis. ",
year = "2012",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.048",
language = "English",
volume = "62",
pages = "523--533",
journal = "European Urology",
issn = "0302-2838",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "3",
}