A Review of Energy Modalities Used for Focal Therapy of Prostate Cancer

Purpose of Review: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent cancer among men that needs effective treatment approaches. Traditionally, PCa was managed through whole-gland radical therapy or Active Surveillance. However, the field has witnessed a notable shift towards less invasive treatment options. Focal prostate ablation has emerged as a promising method for PCa treatment, using a range of energy modalities, each with its unique mechanism and proven efficacy in different settings. This review aims to discuss the different energy modalities used for focal therapy of prostate cancer, their mechanism of action, and clinical outcomes. Recent Findings: Focal therapy is a developing treatment option that involves focal treatment of PCa. Recent findings suggest Focal therapy for PCa shows well-tolerated and great oncological outcomes in localized prostate cancer while minimizing the side effects and damage to non-cancerous tissue. Currently, there are various modalities used for prostate cancer treatment, and new modalities are continually being introduced. Each modality has its advantages and disadvantages, and the selection of the appropriate method becomes important for improved treatment and cancer management. Familiarizing ourselves with these modalities, understanding their mechanisms, and recognizing their limitations can assist us in making more informed decisions regarding treatment methods for patients and achieving better outcomes. Summary: Prostate focal therapy employs a variety of energy modalities, each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks, making certain modalities more suitable for specific groups of patients. Having a comprehensive understanding of these modalities, including their mechanisms, drawbacks, and limitations, is crucial and beneficial. Additionally, identifying the ideal candidates for each modality can significantly enhance treatment approaches and ultimately lead to improved outcomes.