A proposal for a 9-lead electrocardiogram recorded via the Wilson's central terminal

John E. Madias

doi:10.1111/anec.12040

A proposal for a 9-lead electrocardiogram recorded via the Wilson's central terminal

John E. Madias

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

The author argues that the universally employed 12-lead standard electrocardiogram (ECG) which consists of a conglomerate of 3 bipolar limb leads, 6 quasi-unipolar precordial leads acquired via the Wilson's central terminal (WCT), and 3 augmented limb leads recorded via the Goldberger's changing assembly of limb connections, different for each of the augmented leads, is scientifically unsuitable and can be replaced by a 9-lead ECG format comprising the 6 precordial V₁-V₆ leads and leads VR, VL, and VF, all recorded via the WCT. The reasons and the advantages of such as switch are being discussed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	103-106
Number of pages	4
Journal	Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
Volume	18
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/anec.12040
State	Published - Mar 2013
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Einthoven's limb leads
Goldberger's central terminal
Wilson's central terminal
augmented limb leads
bipolar ECG leads
electrocardiogram
intracardiac electrograms
limb leads
multilead body surface potential maps
new ECG lead configurations
precordial ECG leads
unipolar ECG leads

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10.1111/anec.12040

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title = "A proposal for a 9-lead electrocardiogram recorded via the Wilson's central terminal",

abstract = "The author argues that the universally employed 12-lead standard electrocardiogram (ECG) which consists of a conglomerate of 3 bipolar limb leads, 6 quasi-unipolar precordial leads acquired via the Wilson's central terminal (WCT), and 3 augmented limb leads recorded via the Goldberger's changing assembly of limb connections, different for each of the augmented leads, is scientifically unsuitable and can be replaced by a 9-lead ECG format comprising the 6 precordial V1-V6 leads and leads VR, VL, and VF, all recorded via the WCT. The reasons and the advantages of such as switch are being discussed.",

keywords = "Einthoven's limb leads, Goldberger's central terminal, Wilson's central terminal, augmented limb leads, bipolar ECG leads, electrocardiogram, intracardiac electrograms, limb leads, multilead body surface potential maps, new ECG lead configurations, precordial ECG leads, unipolar ECG leads",

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AU - Madias, John E.

PY - 2013/3

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N2 - The author argues that the universally employed 12-lead standard electrocardiogram (ECG) which consists of a conglomerate of 3 bipolar limb leads, 6 quasi-unipolar precordial leads acquired via the Wilson's central terminal (WCT), and 3 augmented limb leads recorded via the Goldberger's changing assembly of limb connections, different for each of the augmented leads, is scientifically unsuitable and can be replaced by a 9-lead ECG format comprising the 6 precordial V1-V6 leads and leads VR, VL, and VF, all recorded via the WCT. The reasons and the advantages of such as switch are being discussed.

AB - The author argues that the universally employed 12-lead standard electrocardiogram (ECG) which consists of a conglomerate of 3 bipolar limb leads, 6 quasi-unipolar precordial leads acquired via the Wilson's central terminal (WCT), and 3 augmented limb leads recorded via the Goldberger's changing assembly of limb connections, different for each of the augmented leads, is scientifically unsuitable and can be replaced by a 9-lead ECG format comprising the 6 precordial V1-V6 leads and leads VR, VL, and VF, all recorded via the WCT. The reasons and the advantages of such as switch are being discussed.

KW - Einthoven's limb leads

KW - Goldberger's central terminal

KW - Wilson's central terminal

KW - augmented limb leads

KW - bipolar ECG leads

KW - electrocardiogram

KW - intracardiac electrograms

KW - limb leads

KW - multilead body surface potential maps

KW - new ECG lead configurations

KW - precordial ECG leads

KW - unipolar ECG leads

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84875673249

U2 - 10.1111/anec.12040

DO - 10.1111/anec.12040

M3 - Review article

C2 - 23530479

AN - SCOPUS:84875673249

SN - 1082-720X

VL - 18

SP - 103

EP - 106

JO - Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology

JF - Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology

IS - 2

ER -

A proposal for a 9-lead electrocardiogram recorded via the Wilson's central terminal

Abstract

Keywords

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