A novel role for viral-defective interfering particles in enhancing dendritic cell maturation

Jacob S. Yount, Thomas A. Kraus, Curt M. Horvath, Thomas M. Moran, Carolina B. López

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

91 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is a crucial event in the development of adaptive immune responses that confer long-lasting protection against reinfection with the same virus. Sendai virus strain Cantell has a particularly strong ability to mature DCs independently of type I IFNs and TLR signaling, currently the best-described pathways for the induction of DC maturation. In this study, we demonstrate that defective-interfering (DI) particles present in Sendai virus-Cantell stocks are required for its robast DC maturation ability. DI particles contain incomplete genomes that are unable to replicate unless the viral polymerase is supplied by coinfection with complete virus. Accordingly, the improvement in the virus-induced maturation of DCs provided by DI particles requires standard virus coinfection and likely results from increased production of dsRNA replication intermediaries. This unique ability of DI particles to stimulate DC maturation cannot be mimicked by simply increasing the dose of standard virus. Furthermore, viruses with weak DC maturation abilities can be converted into potent DC stimulators with the addition of DI particles, supporting a potential application for DI particles as a novel natural adjuvant for viral immunizations.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)4503-4513
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Immunology
Volume177
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Oct 2006

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