TY - JOUR
T1 - A matter of life and breath
T2 - Childhood socioeconomic status is related to young adult pulmonary function in the CARDIA study
AU - Jackson, Benita
AU - Kubzansky, Laura D.
AU - Cohen, Sheldon
AU - Weiss, Scott
AU - Wright, Rosalind J.
N1 - Funding Information:
These analyses were supported by the MacArthur Foundation Network on Socioeconomic Status and Health. During preparation of this manuscript B Jackson was supported by a training grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL07427). S Cohen was supported by a Senior Scientist Award from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH00721). S Weiss was supported by HL07427. RJ Wright was supported by K08 HL04187. The CARDIA study is conducted and supported by the NHLBI in collaboration with the CARDIA study investigators. This manuscript was not prepared in collaboration with investigators of the CARDIA study and does not necessarily reflect the opinions or views of the CARDIA study or the NHLBI.
PY - 2004/4
Y1 - 2004/4
N2 - Background. Socioeconomic status (SES) may contribute to the trajectory of pulmonary function over the life course. Studies suggest that people with lower (versus higher) SES during childhood subsequently have lower levels of adult pulmonary function. But prospective studies are sparse across young adulthood, an important phase in pulmonary development. Methods. Participants were from the Coronary Artery (Disease) Risk Development in (Young) Adults (CARDIA) study: 5113 young adults ages 18-30 at baseline, approximately balanced within centres across gender, self-identified race/ethnicity (Black, White), and current SES. Childhood SES was ascertained from baseline self-reports of parents' highest completed education. Pulmonary function in young adulthood was measured using FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second) and FVC (forced vital capacity), assessed on three occasions over a period of 5 years. Results. Longitudinal analyses suggested that rates of change in both FEV1 and FVC differed in a gradient fashion by childhood SES. As shown by significant childhood SES by time interaction terms, these associations with FEV1 were robust for men (b = 1.59E-3, SE = 5.21E-4, P < 0.001) and women (b = 1.93E-3, SE = 4.80E-4, P < 0.001), and adjusted for multiple potential confounders including smoking. Results were similar for FVC. Subsequent examination of the interaction terms suggested that FEV1 and FVC declined for participants in the lowest childhood SES group, showed continued plateau or growth for those in the highest group, and were intermediate for the middle group. Conclusions. Childhood SES may influence men's and women's young adult pulmonary function in two ways. First, individuals with lower childhood SES may not attain as high levels of pulmonary function in early adulthood relative to individuals with higher childhood SES. Second, pulmonary function may decline earlier and faster for individuals with lower childhood SES.
AB - Background. Socioeconomic status (SES) may contribute to the trajectory of pulmonary function over the life course. Studies suggest that people with lower (versus higher) SES during childhood subsequently have lower levels of adult pulmonary function. But prospective studies are sparse across young adulthood, an important phase in pulmonary development. Methods. Participants were from the Coronary Artery (Disease) Risk Development in (Young) Adults (CARDIA) study: 5113 young adults ages 18-30 at baseline, approximately balanced within centres across gender, self-identified race/ethnicity (Black, White), and current SES. Childhood SES was ascertained from baseline self-reports of parents' highest completed education. Pulmonary function in young adulthood was measured using FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second) and FVC (forced vital capacity), assessed on three occasions over a period of 5 years. Results. Longitudinal analyses suggested that rates of change in both FEV1 and FVC differed in a gradient fashion by childhood SES. As shown by significant childhood SES by time interaction terms, these associations with FEV1 were robust for men (b = 1.59E-3, SE = 5.21E-4, P < 0.001) and women (b = 1.93E-3, SE = 4.80E-4, P < 0.001), and adjusted for multiple potential confounders including smoking. Results were similar for FVC. Subsequent examination of the interaction terms suggested that FEV1 and FVC declined for participants in the lowest childhood SES group, showed continued plateau or growth for those in the highest group, and were intermediate for the middle group. Conclusions. Childhood SES may influence men's and women's young adult pulmonary function in two ways. First, individuals with lower childhood SES may not attain as high levels of pulmonary function in early adulthood relative to individuals with higher childhood SES. Second, pulmonary function may decline earlier and faster for individuals with lower childhood SES.
KW - Adults
KW - Forced expiratory volume
KW - Pulmonary function tests
KW - Social medicine
KW - Socioeconomic status
KW - Vital capacity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=1542537266&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/ije/dyh003
DO - 10.1093/ije/dyh003
M3 - Article
C2 - 15082626
AN - SCOPUS:1542537266
SN - 0300-5771
VL - 33
SP - 271
EP - 278
JO - International Journal of Epidemiology
JF - International Journal of Epidemiology
IS - 2
ER -